Week 4: Sensory Assessment

state of being complete or having unimpaired condition.

• neurological process that organizes sensation from one own body and from the environment which makes it possible to use the body effectively within the environment.

• it occurs automatically without conscious effort

within the intact human system, sensory information taken in the body and the environment.

will process and integrate the information that can be used for planning and organizing behavior.

sensation received from skin and musculoskeletal system.

an unobservable event.

• measures the individual's ability to perceive the position of a joint with his/her vision occluded and minimal exteroceptive cues

• proprioception

uses sensory information received during the movement to monitor and adjust output.

proactive strategy that uses sensory information obtained from experience.

highly sensitive to the type of stimulus that it's designed for.

specificity to a single modality of a sensation.

for superficial sensation.

for deep sensation.

responsible for detecting mechanical deformations.

for temperature changes.

for noxious stimuli or pain.

• for chemical substances

• responsible for taste, smell, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels.

for light within the visible spectrum

receptors found in skin, muscles, fascia, and joints

• for pain, temperature, touch, pressure, tickle, and itch sensations

• found throughout the body

• mechanical movement and touch

• found at the base of each hair follicle

for low intensity touch, velocity of touch, ability to perceive continuous contact of object with skin, 2 point discrimination and localization of touch.

for perception of touch and pressure, signaling continuous state of skin deformation and heat perception.

for touch, pressure, and cold perception.

• for discriminative touch and texture recognition

• increase concentration in the fingertips and toes

• deeper part of the skin

• responsible for perception of deep touch and vibration

• monitor changes in the muscle length and velocity on muscle length change

• intrafusal fibers parallel to extrafusal fibers

• monitors tension in the muscle

• protective

• lies in distal and proximal tendinous insertion of the muscle

responds to pain and pressure in the muscle.

• respond to vibratory stimuli and deep pressure

• lies within the fascia of the muscle

• function it to detect rate of joint movement

• located in the ligaments

• for pain and crude awareness of joint motions

• found in joint capsule and ligaments

• for direction and velocity of joint movements

• located in the joint capsule and ligaments

• monitors rapid joint movements

• found in joint capsule

• self protective reaction and responds to stimuli that are potentially harmful

• ventrolateral tract

• responsible for pain, temperature, tickle, itch, or sexual sensation

• discriminative sensation

• touch, pressure, vibration, movement, position sense, awareness of joint condition at rest

region of the brain which is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information from across the body such as touch and pain.

represents a map of brain areas dedicated to sensory processing for different anatomical divisions of the body.

physiological readiness of the human system for activity.

• patient is awake and attentive to normal levels of stimulation

• interactions with the therapist are normal and appropriate

• patient appears drowsy and may fall asleep if not stimulated in some way

• interactions with the therapist may get diverted

• patients may have difficulty in focusing or maintaining attention on a question or task

• patient is difficult to arouse from a somnolent state and is frequently confused when awake

• repeated stimulation is required to maintain consciousness

• interactions with the therapist may be largely unproductive

• semi coma

• patient responds only to strong, generally noxious stimuli and returns to the unconscious state when stimulation is stopped

• when aroused, the patient is unable to interact with the therapist

• patient cannot be aroused by any type of stimulation

• reflex motor responses may or may not be seen

• patient's awareness of time, place, and person

• who, when, and where questions

process of knowing awareness and judgement.

sum of an individual's learning and life's experience (story).

foundational math skills.

ability to interpret beyond context or meaning.

serves as a basis to see whether improvement or regression occurs.

• tested through any pointed objects like ballpens

• do not apply too much as some patients can have sensory impairments that cause hypersensitivity to pain

• compare affected area with unaffected area or proximal part to see whether pain sensation is normal

• use anything with heat

• check whether they sense correct temperature

• use cotton

• compare affected area with unaffected area or proximal part to see whether pain sensation is normal (same with pain)

use thumbs to apply pressure to the area.

testing (R) UE, you can test with eyes open and then eyes closed, flex (L) UE and ask pt. to repeat action with affected part.

• imitate movements of the unaffected area

• ask patient to flex (L) elbow and repeat with the (R) elbow

gibe vibration to part needed to be tested

location of object or "alam niya kung saan ang paghawak"

whether the patient can identify where the tested part is pointed at.

• check which object is heavier than the other

• have the pt. identify the lightest to heaviest among three objects

have the patient draw a figure and see whether they can correctly acknowledge and draw the correct representation.

• inability to recognize correct texture indicates deficit

inability to recognize weight.

sensation experienced at a site remote from point of simulation.

pain produced by a non-noxious stimulus (e.g. touch).

complete loss of pain sensitivity.

• inability to recognize the form and shape of objects by touch

• tactile agnosia

inability to localize a sensation.

painful, burning sensations, usually along the distribution of a nerve.

touch sensation experienced as pain.

decreased sensitivity to pain.

increased sensitivity to pain.

increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli

decreased sensitivity to sensory stimuli.

loss or absence of sensibility to vibration.

abnormal sensation such as numbness, prickling, or tingling, without apparent cause.

• vascular lesion of the thalamus resulting in sensory disturbances and partial or complete paralysis of one side of the body

• associated with severe, boring-type pain; sensory stimuli may produced an exaggerated, prolonged, or painful response

inability to perceive heat.

inability to perceive sensations of heat and cold.

increased sensitivity to temperature.

decreased temperature sensibility.

loss of light touch sensibility.