Biology unit 6

positive

negative

neutral

building blocks of matter

the center of an atom where protons and neutrons are located

areas outside of the nucleus occupied by electrons

outermost electrons that determine the reactivity of an atom

a pure substance that cannot be broken down

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

the number of protons and neutrons

average amount of neutrons in an element

horizontal rows on the periodic table

vertical columns on the periodic table

atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons and electrons but have a different number of neutrons

isotopes that give off radiation

a pure substance formed when two or more different elements combine

the chemical bond that forms when electrons are shared

a compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds

an atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons

an electrical attraction between two oppositely charged atoms

attractions between molecules

the process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are recognized into different substances

starting substances to the left of the arrow

formed substances to the right of the arrow

the minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products

substances that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction

a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst

molecules that have an uneven distribution of charge

a weak interaction involving hydrogen atoms and a fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom

combination with two or more substances that don’t create a chemical reaction

a uniform mixture

able to dissolve other substances (water)

substance that dissolves

a mixture with distinctive substances

a type of heterogeneous mixture where the particles settle out overtime

substance that releases H+ ions when they dissolve

substance that releases OH- ions when they dissolve

the measure of concentration of H+ in a solution

large molecules that are formed by joining smaller organic molecules together

molecules made from repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds called monomers

compounds composed of a ratio of 1 carbon :2 hydrogen :1 oxygen

molecules made mostly of carbon and hydrogen that make up the fats, oils, and waxes

compounds made of smaller carbon compounds called amino acids

complex macromolecules that transmit and store genetic information