Unit 5 - Kings and Prophets

Samuel

Prophet

Reluctant King Maker

Hannah

Samuel’s mother

Wrote a song of humility and pride

Saul

1st King of Israel

dishonest, jealous, unfaithful, FAILURE

David

King of Israel, chosen by Samuel

Defeat Goliath

Fall due to Bathsheba

Solomon

King of Israel

Son of David

Wise

Many building projects; led to mistreatment of people

Jerusalem

Israel’s capital in Palestine w/ temple

Where Jesus was crucified

Means foundation of peace in Hewbrew

Jeroboam

Son of Solomon

King of Northern Kingdom of Israel

Separated because of Rehoboam’s disagreement

Rehoboam

Son of Solomon

King of Southren Kingdom of Judah

Said he would be worse than Solomon

Josiah

Last good king of Judah

Walked in the way of the Lord

Religious reform

Kingdom of Israel

Northern

10/12 tribes

First king Jeroboam

Conquered by Assyrians in 721 B.C.

Kingdom of Judah

Southern

2/10 Tribes

First King Rehoboam

Conquered by Babylonians in 597 B.C.

Prophets

A person God chooses to share his message of salvation

Not necessarily a future teller

Elijah

Prophet

Told the Israelites to stop worshipping Baal

Elisha

Prophet

Successor of Elijah

Did double the miracles of Elijah

Led a Holy War

Amos

Prophet

Shepard

Warns Israel of it’s destruction

Jonah

Prophet…?

Ran away very very very far from calling

Eaten by a whale lol

Nineveh

Great, big city

Capital of Assyria

Repented for sins immediately

Jeremiah

Prophet

First rejected calling

Often used schock factors

warned about fall of temple

mocked by others

Isaiah

Prophet

Warns about the issues that will lead to the downfall of Judah

Prophesises about Emmanuel

Emmanuel

Hebrew word meaning “God is with us”

Assyria

Enemy of Israelites

Babylonian Exile

Period of time when the Babylonians conquered Judah and enslaved the Israelites and destroyed their temples.

Anawim

The people who God calls us to help, the poor, widows, etc.

1st Characteristic of Prophets

Prophets are regular people

Moses- regular person

Born to a regular family

Has flaws

2nd Characteristic of Prophets

They “hear” a call from God

Moses - hears a call from God

God calls him from the burning Bush

3rd Characteristic of Prophets

They sometimes resist the call

Moses - resists the call from God

Moses says he is not eloquent in his speech and asks God to send someone else

4th Characteristic of Prophets

They often go through some sort of initiation

Moses - speaks on behalf of the oppressed

Moses leads the Israelites out of enslavement

5th Characteristics of Prophets

They speak on behalf of the oppressed

Moses - uses shock tactics

He sends The Ten Plagues from God.

6th Characteristic of Prophets

They use shock tactics to get their message across

Moses - message challenges the Israelites

He leads them through tons of desert and wilderness.

7th Characteristic of Prophets

Their messages challenge people, making them unpopular

Moses - gets discouraged

Moses tells God that he cannot “carry all of these people by myself, they are too heavy” He tells God to just kill him.

8th Characteristic of Prophets

They are dedicated to doing God’s work

Moses - dedicated to doing God’s work

It is said, since the time of Moses, there hasn’t been a prophet as great as he was.

10th Characteristic of Prophets

Prophets sometimes die because of their message

Themes in Songs of Hannah

God opposes the proud

God exalts the humble

Influence of Babylonian Exile on writing of Hebrew Scriptures

Due to the Babylonian Exile crisis, Hebrew scriptures had been written to preserved and consistent. It showed that it was important to them. It way comfort and reminder of God. It was also easier for it to be passed down this way.

Divine Retirubutive Justice

The belief that God punishes those who do not listen to him and bless those who do

Stories reminding us to stay faithful and remind us of God’s faithfulness

David, Solomon, Jeroboam, Rehoboam, Josiah, Jonah, etc.

Fill in the blank: Samuel ___ judge, and ___ prophet

last, archetypical

Deuteronomists thoughts about monarchies

They believed that God is the only and true king, and that relying on flawed humans as leaders was not a good idea.

David - Unlikely leader

youngest sibling

a shepard

scrawny and skinny

David - Good king but flawed

David first followed and trusted in God. His flaw was his lust of Bathsheba and jealousy or Uriah.

David vs Goliath

David - battled with no armor or large weapons, he was small, humble, and trusted in God, he was an inexperienced shepard

Goliath - he has armor, weapons, he was big and prideful, he believed in his armor and himself, he was an experienced warrior

David vs Uriah

David - A powerful and lustful king

Uriah - Suborindative soldier, faithful and dedicated to his family and king

Literal Sense (story of David and Bathsheba)

David seeings Uriah’s wife, Bathsheba bathing. He lusts over her and gets her pregnant. He doesn’t want Uriah to know, so he commands for him to get killed in battle.

Moral sense (story of David and Bathsheba)

Do not lust and be jealous over what you do not have. One sin can lead to many more sins.

Messianic Promise and Prophecies

In Hannah’s song

Peace and Justice

All are united under God

Accomplishments of David

Defeated Goliath

United Israel

Wrote many Psalms

Dedicated to God

Mistakes of David

lustful of Bathsheba

Killed Uriah

cursed his sons, since they had to take on his punishment

Solomon’s accomplishments

wise

wished for a listening heart from God

built a temple for God

Solomon’s mistakes

Mistreated Israelites to build temple

Had many wives which led to idolatry

Importance of Temple

Ark of the Covenant

seen as God’s dwelling place

Located in Jerusalem

Literary genres of books from this unit

allegorical, historical, parable

Continuing Biblical themes

unlikely people are called, God works through the humble

Describe how the writers of the Book of 1 Samuel saw Israel as different from other nations. Why is this important to them? How do the biblical writers emphasize this theme?

Israel was different from the other nations because of the lack of a King. Their king was God. This is important because all of the other nations had kings and they wanted to have a king as well.

most important messages from Jonah

God chooses to forgive who he wants to and always be faithful to God

Context and Genre of the story of Jonah

allegorical parable, most likely written down after the Babylonian exile

Zion

interchangable with Jerusalem

mountain where Jerusalem is built

New covenant