Civil Liberties

Person: explained that the Bill of Rights "have penumbras…that give them life and substance "and other amendments have emanations that point to a right to privacy.

exists when an officer has pulled you over for a violation and /or evidence is in plain sight.

Case: views abortion as a privacy issue and blocks state laws banning the practice.

the 19th- century movement to end slavery.

government must show a strong reason for targeting them.

when you implicate yourself in a crime, usually during interrogation.

Any law based on age, sexual orientation, gender identity, or physical handicap much show a rational connection to a legitimate government purpose.

limited slavery to southern lands west of the Mississippi River.

government must show a compelling interest in the law.

Case: court strikes down state laws prohibiting the use of birth control, even for married couples.

Case: SC case that legalized the concept of "separate but equal "and Jum Crowism.

limits on government that allow people to freely exercise their rights.

a subtle form of discrimination that exists without a legal basis.

failed attempt to rebuild the South and establish racial equality after the Civil War.

excludes evidence gathered illegally and any "fruit of the poisonous tree.

states cant enact laws.

the steps that the government must follow before punishing an offense.

any law involving race, ethnicity, or religion.

any law involving sex- based categories.

created a system of segregation in the South that would last until 1965.

limits on government that allow people to freely exercise their rights

freedom you have to participate in public life

Freedom of Speech

the government can not interfere with the practice of religion

Right to Bear Arms and Militias

Case: Is a DC ban on registering handguns and the required use of a trigger lock unconstitutional?

Case: Does the Heller case apply to states?

implies freedom of thought and choice

implies other rights exist beyond those mentioned in the Constitution

Case: Upholds the right to abortion, BUT allows states to consider "viability."

Case: SC strikes down "sodomy" laws in Texas affecting homosexuals

Case: court strikes down state laws prohibiting the use of birth control, even for married couples

the steps that the government must follow before punishing an offense

Case: A person pulled over during a traffic stop is found to have drugs

exists when an officer has pulled you over for a violation and/or evidence is in plain sight

excludes evidence gathered illegally and any "fruit of the poisonous tree"

Self-Incrimination

when you implicate yourself in a crime, usually during interrogation

Right to Legal Counsel

Case: SC says the trials denied due process

Case: SC believes that all (felony) defendants have a right to an attorney even if they can not afford one

Equal Protection

States can't deny any person equal protection under the law

any law involving race, ethnicity, or religion

government much show a strong reason for targeting them

any law involving sex-based categories

government must show a compelling interest in the law

Any law based on age, sexual orientation, gender identity, or physical handicap much show a rational connection to a legitimate government purpose

the 19th-century movement to end slavery

limited slavery to southern lands west of the Mississippi River

Case: SC decision that stated blacks could not be citizens

failed attempt to rebuild the South and establish racial equality after the Civil War

ends slavery

grants citizenship and equal protection under the law

grants voting rights to black males

laws restricting the rights of blacks

created a system of segregation in the South that would last until 1965

Case: SC case that legalized the concept of "separate but equal" and Jum Crowism

discrimination established by law…like Jim Crow laws

a subtle form of discrimination that exists without a legal basis

Case: marked the beginning of the end of the "Separate but equal" era that started with Plessy v. Ferguson

discrimination established by law

Case: Established the Clear and Present danger test (which states that speech can be curbed.)

Case: symbolic speech- where a school was upset with students for wearing black armbands that protested the Vietnam war.

Case: freedom of the press- NYT tried to expose the Pentagon Papers because the government was lying.

Case: A school prayer case that violated the establishment clause: separation of church and state

Case: The case focuses on state funding for private religious schools to be used for non-religious purposes.

organizations to fight for civil rights and desegregation.

protests mean to state what’s wanted to be said without violence (sit-ins, marches, “rides”)

Outlaws poll taxes (for voting)

Prohibited Literacy Tests

Programs designed to ensure groups have full and equal opportunities

laws that stated a woman’s political rights and duties operated through her husband