Biological Basis of Behavior

Receives information and brings it to the cell body

Passes messages through the terminal branches, away from the cell body

Form junctions with other cells

Covers the axon and helps speed up impulses

Signal traveling through the axon (action potential)

Support cells

the level of stimulation needed to trigger a neural impulse

Resting time after a impulse has fired

The junction between two neurons

Chemical messengers that travel between synapse of neurons

neurotransmitter’s reabsorption by the sending neuron

enables muscle action, learning, and memory

influences movement, learning, emotion, and attention

Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal

Controls alertness and arousal

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter

Major excitatory neurotransmitter, involved with memory

Influence perception of pain or pleasure

A molecule that increases a neurotransmitters action

A molecule that inhibits a neurotransmitters action

brain and spinal cord

gathers info and transmits CNS decisions to other body parts

Carries incoming info to the spinal cord/brain

Carries outgoing info to the body

Neurons within the brain/spinal cord that communicate and process info between the sensory and motor neurons

Voluntary control over muscles

Controls glands and internal organs

Fight or flight

Calms the body, conserves energy

Secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine to trigger fight or flight

Controls growth and other glands

Controls metabolism

Measures electrical activity in neurons

records magnetic fields from the brains natural electrical currents

X-rays of the head that can locate brain damage

radioactive form of glucose goes into the brain, and the patient performs a task

Uses radio waves to provide a map of the brain structure

Measures blood flow to brain regions by comparing MRI scans

Controls heartbeat and breathing

Receives info from the senses and reroutes it to higher brain regions

Filters stimuli and relays important info to other parts of the brain

Coordinates movements and controls sleep

Controls speaking, muscle movements, planning and judgement

Receives sensory input for touch and body position

Receives info from visual fields

Processes consciousness and memories

Controls aggression, fear, emotion

Maintains homeostasis

Receives info from auditory areas

Controls the body

Receives input from the body

Speech production (Language comprehension, ability to speak words)

Allows blood flow

Stimulates ejaculation in males

Contracts bladder

Relaxes bladder

stimulates secretion of epinephrine/norepinephrine

Stimulates gallbladder

Stimulates glucose release by liver

Stimulates digestion

Inhibits digestion

Slows heartbeat

Accelerates heartbeat

Contracts pupils

Dilates pupils

Neural fibers connecting the two hemispheres and sending messages between them

Someone responds to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it

The brain’s natural way of processing information

Solving one problem at a time

Speech production (understanding the meaning of words)