Chapter 8

________ may dry up, creating unemployment and poverty.

________ believe that agriculture in Africa probably began by 6000 B.C.

________ can piece together a picture of life in West Africa as early as 500 B.C.

________ expanded because reliable food supplies led to longer, healthier lives and an increased birth rate.

The ________ reached its height between A.D. 325 and 360, when a strong ruler named Ezana occupied the throne.

________ was the only known African kingdom to have developed a written language.

________ may change, causing famine or depleted natural resources.

The first ________ appeared in the Great Rift Valley, a deep gash in the Earths crust that runs through the floor of the Red Sea and across eastern Africa.

What was particularly cosmopolitan? Answer with a single words or term.

________ have been found in an area stretching for 300 miles between the Niger and Benue rivers.

________ had written languages.

The ________ found there dated from 250 B.C,

________: a religion in which spirits play an important role in regulating daily life.

________: a permanent move from one country or region to another.

There were effects to migration, both positive and negative: ________ may change population density.

________ was dated to around 500 B.C.

This increased the productivity of their land. ________ helped the soil retain water and prevented its being washed downhill in heavy rains.

To survive the dry land many moved east into the Nile Valley and south into West Africa. Some also moved to the savannas. ________ grew well in the savannas.

________ discovered hundreds of thousands of artifacts.

Eventually ________ became isolated from other Christian settlements.