APUSH period 2: 1607-1754

The first colonial statue granting religious freedom to all Christians, but it called for death of all non-Christians. It was created to provide a safe haven for Catholics

A respected Puritan minister who believed that the individual's conscience was beyond the control of any civil or church authority. He was banished from the Bay colony for his beliefs. In 1636, he founded the settlement of Providence

This settlement has founded in 1636 by Roger Williams

This Puritan believed in antinomianism and was banished from the Bay colony because of her beliefs. In 1638, she founded the colony of Portsmouth

In 1644, Parliament granted Roger Williams a charter, joining Providence and Portsmouth into a single colony, Rhode Island

Members of the Religious Society of Friends who believed in the equality of men and women, nonviolence, and resistance to military service

Quaker who formed a colony he named Pennsylvania; provided a Frame of Government , which guaranteed representative assembly elected by landowners, written constitution that guaranteed freedom of worship

These plantations required a large land area and many slaves.

As Tobacco prices fell, rice and indigo became the most profitable crops

In 1607, the first permanent English colony in America was founded at this location. The Virginia Company, was a a joint-stock company chartered by England's King James I

Because of his forceful leadership, Jamestown barely survived its first five years

He helped Jamestown develop a new variety of tobacco which became popular in Europe and became a profitable crop

She was the American Indian wife of John Rolfe in early settlement days in Jamestown

Group of dissenters that wanted to purify the Church of England. In 1630 they founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony at Boston

Radical dissenters to the Church of England, they were known by this name because they wanted to organized a completely separate church that was independent of royal control. They became known as Pilgrims, because of the travels

They were radical dissenters to the Church of England. They moved to Holland, then in 1620, they sailed to America on the Mayflower in search of religious freedom. They established a new colony at Plymouth on the Massachusetts coast

This colony was started by the Pilgrims at Plymouth (Massachusetts). In the first winter nearly half of them perished. They were helped by friendly American Indians and celebrated the first Thanksgiving in 1621

In 1630, he led about a thousand Puritans to America and and founded Massachusetts Bay Colony; "City Upon a Hill" author

Sir William Berkeley, the royal governor of Virginia use dictatorial powers to govern on behalf of the large planters

In 1636, he led a large group of Boston Puritans dissatisfied with the Massachusetts Bay colony to found Hartford, which is now Connecticut. In 1639 they drew up the first written constitution in American history

In 1665, New Haven and Hartford joined to form the colony of Connecticut under a royal charter

Hoping to increase royal control in the colonies, King Charles II separated New Hampshire from Massachusetts in 1679 and made it a royal colony

In 1663, King Charles II granted eight nobles the Carolinas. In 1729, the Carolinas were split into two royal colonies. In South Carolina, the economy was based on the fur trade and growing food for the West Indies, which led to many plantations. In North Carolina, there were many small tobacco farms and fewer plantations

In 1664, King Charles II granted his brother, the Duke of York (future King James II) the land now known as New York. James took control of the Dutch colony that was located there, but the Dutch were treated fairly. James was unpopular because of his taxes and refusal to institute a representative government. Finally in 1683, he agreed to grant broad civil and political rights to the colony

The territory of New York was split. In 1674, land was granted to Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. Eventually they sold to the Quakers. In 1702, the two Jerseys were combined into a single royal colony, New Jersey

In 1861, the royal family paid a large debt by granting William Penn's father a large parcel of American land. He then formed a colony from the land

In 1702, William Penn granted the lower three colonies of Pennsylvania their own assembly. In effect, Delaware became a separate colony, even though its governor was the same as Pennsylvania until the American revolution

In 1732, Georgia was formed to provide a buffer between wealthy Georgia and Spanish controlled Florida, and to provide a place for the many debtors of England to begin again

This American Indian chief was known to the colonists as King Philip. He joined together the Native American tribes to fight the colonists in King Philip's War, a war that lasted from 1675 to 1676

From 1675 to 1676, the American Indian chief Metacom (King Philip), waged a vicious war against the English settlers in southern New England

In 1620, while they were sailing to America on the Mayflower, the Pilgrims created this document that pledged them to make decisions by the will of the majority. It was a rudimentary written constitution

In 1619, just 12 years after the founding of Jamestown, Virginia's colonists organized the first representative assembly in America, the Virginia House of Burgesses

Royal Governor of Virginia who favored large plantation owners and did not support or protect smaller farms from Indian raids. He put down Bacon's rebellion in 1676

In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon led a group of army volunteers (including indentured servants) that raided Native American villages, fought the governor's forces, and set fire to Jamestown. The rebellion lost momentum when Bacon died of dysentery. The rebellion was caused by the Governor's unfair favoritism of large plantation owners and refusal to protect small farms from Native American raids

In 1639, the Hartford settlers drew up the first written constitution in America. It established a representative government made up of a legislature elected by the people and a governor chosen by the legislature

In 1643, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, and New Haven colonies formed a military alliance to deal with the threat from the Native Americans. It lasted until 1684

Colonies operated by joint-stock companies during the early years of the colonies, such as Jamestown

Colonies under the direct authority and rule of the king's government, such as Virginia after 1624

Colonies under the authority of individuals granted charters of ownership by the king, such as Maryland and Massachusetts

In 1632, the area once known as the Virginia colony, has divided into the Virginia and Maryland colony. Maryland became the first proprietary colony

Corporate colonies, such as Jamestown, were operated by joint-stock companies, at least during the colony's early years.

England's King James I chartered the Virginia Company, a joint-stock company that founded the first permanent English colony in America at Jamestown in 1607

Between 1650 and 1673 England passed a series of acts which establish rules for colonial trade.

In 1688, King James II was deposed and replaced with William and Mary. This brought the end to the Dominion of New England, and the colonies operated under their previous structure

A method for attracting immigrants, Virginia offered 50 acres of land to each immigrant who paid for passage to America and to any plantation owner who paid for an immigrants passage

Merchants traded colonist rum for African slaves, African slaves for West Indies sugar cane, and sugar cane was brought back to the colonies to make rum

Voyage from West Africa to the West Indies. It was miserable for the slaves transported and many died

An uprising of slaves in South Carolina in 1739, leading to the tightening of already harsh slave laws. The largest slave uprising in the colonies.

The expansion of English settlement led to wars against the native peoples. In this war, 700 Pequots were killed by the colonists and their Indian allies.

15,000 settlers sailed for Massachusetts Bay Colony to escape religious and political conflict

an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests

an English policy of relaxing the enforcement of regulations in its colonies under the mercantilism system in return for the colonies' continued economic loyalty

Native American revolt against the Spanish in late 17th century; expelled the Spanish for over 10 years; Spain began to take an accommodating approach to Natives after the revolt

Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years (first black Africans in 1619 were indentured servants)

American poet (born in Africa) who was the first recognized Black writer in America (1753-1784)

All colonies permitted different religious with varying degrees of freedom

Religious revival that swept the American colonies during which a number of new Protestant churches were established. Participating ministers, most notably Jonathan Edwards and George Whitfield, placed an emphasis on direct, emotive spirituality. A Second Great Awakening arose in the 19th century

He was jailed for questioning the governor of New York. His case influenced freedom of speech and freedom of press.

farming in which only enough food to feed one's family is produced

A philosophical movement which started in Europe in the 1700's and spread to the colonies; emphasized reason and scientific method; focus on government, ethics, and science, rather than on imagination, emotions, or religion

A church given privileged legal status by the government. Historically, such established churches in Europe and America were supported by public taxes and were often the only legally permitted religious institutions.