Unit 6

Urban planning that strategically located public transit stations throughout a city to reduce dependence on automobiles and provide convenient and accessible public transportation options.

Urban planning that seeks to create compact and walkable cities that are sustainable and socially connected.

Urban policies that seek to reduce urban sprawl and protect farmland surrounding the city. (Achieves this goal by promoting mixed-use development, public transportation, and green areas)

An area of land that is set aside for conservation or recreational purposes, traditionally found outside an urban area

Building within an existing developed area on land that is unused or underdevelopment (Building occurs inside the urban area and in a way that does not expand the cities footprint outward)

Urban areas that promote sustainable growth by limiting new development in the periphery of the city (Goal is to reduce urban sprawl and preserve open spaces and green areas)

A boundary put in place to control urban sprawl, by only allowing development to occur inside the boundary.

Cities that utilize technology and data to reduce inefficiencies, optimize resource usage, and improve the quality of life for its residents

The separation of people along racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic lines that is not officially enforced by laws or regulations

The process of renovating, rebuilding, or revitalization an urban area, resulting in lower-income residents to become displaced and more affluent residents to move into the area.

When a place does not invoke any strong response from an individual (lacks unique characteristics)

A discriminatory practice where banks refuse to provide loans to people who live in certain neighbourhoods (Areas that were deemed high risk and not given loans were traditionally minority neighborhoods)

Restate agents use misinformation about minor to y communities moving into a neighbourhood to motivate white homeowners to sell their home at a lower price. Once the agent purchases the property at a discounted rate, they can then resell it at a higher price to a minority buyer who was previously excluded from the

A phenomenon in which white residents migrate out of an urban area to a suburban area in large numbers

The disproportionately distribution of environmental hazards among different social groups (Environmental hazards and pollutants are more commonly found near marginalized and vulnerable communities)

An area or region within a city that lacks public services, quality infrastructure, and has a higher concentration of crime, poverty, and sometimes squatter settlements

Information that was witnessed, observed, or described. (Not clearly measurable)

Data that is objective and is not up for debate.

The unrestricted growth and expression of an urban or suburb area into the surrounding countryside.

A rapidly growing suburban, city that has developed its own unique identity.

A settlement that exists outside of a suburban area, but remains connected to the metro area.

A settlement that has its own economic district and is located on the outskirts of a city near/ a belt way or major highway.

Connections between different industries, sectors, or places.

City that has more than twice the population of the next largest city. (A primate city has significant political, economic, and social control over the rest of the country)

The population of a settlement ranked n will be 1/nth of the size of the largest settlement

(Second largest settlement will have half the population of the largest, the third largest will have one-third the population, and so on)

Areas where there are local politics creates incentives to create affordable housing for lower income residents.

Local government units created by a state or national government. Ex. A town, city, village, other local government unit)

The physical and organizational structures and facilities that are needed for a society, system, or organisation to function.

A city with more than 10 million or more residents.

A city with more than 20 million or more residents.

Unrestricted growth and expansion of an urban or suburban area into the surrounding countryside.

A gradual change in the density of an urban area from the center to the periphery.

Government regulation on how land can and how land cannot be used. Ex. Commercial, agricultural, residential., industrial

Programs that are put in place to attract back to an area by promoting economic growth and by creating new opportunities for residents. (Create more affordable housing, re-zoning areas, implementing new sustainable initiatives)

An organization that has multiple levels which all seek to carry out a specific task. Ex. United States department of agriculture has multiple departments, agencies, and offices which all work together to enforce food safety and animal welfare throughout the country).

The right of the government to take private property to use it for public use.