Unit 9: Global Change

________: Has a disproportionate, far- reaching impact on species in its ecosystem.

________ are trapped each year as layers of ice laid down.

________: Gradually eliminating the production and consumption of ozone- depleting substances to limit their damage to the earths ozone layer.

________ albedo (black soot) causing a cooling effect.

________: Quickly reflected changes in ecosystems functioning.

________ happens first→ through fossil fuel combustion in stage 2.

________ : (one of the earliest environmental laws) prohibits the transport of illegally harvested plants and animals.

________ causes a chlorine atom to break away from the CFC molecule.

________: Spatially separated pops of the same species, interact and interbreed.

________: return agricultural lands to pasture /forest.

________: Responsible for nearly one- sixth of the global sea- level rise over the past 20 years.

________: Set goals for global emissions of GHGs to be reduced by 2012.

________: Accelerated phase- out of CFCs.

: identification so an increase in N2O.

________: The conservation and protection of these species indirectly affect the conservation and protection of other species within their ecosystem.

________: less photosynthesis, more CO2 burning releases PM, methane, N2O as well.

________: low O2 so methane- like wetlands.

________: contain zones that vary in the allowed amount of impact.

________: ash reflects incoming radiation, so a cooling effect.

________ : water vapor.

Threatened: Likely to become endangered in foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

________: freshwater dilutes the ocean and stops salt water from sinking near Greenland.

________: range of temperature tolerance is small.

The ________ is a natural process.

________: cattle and sheep create methane.

________: How we get N2O or nitrogen cycle.

________: Preserved physical characteristics of the environment that can stand in for direct measurement.

________: Dead organic matter is converted into CO2 unless there is not enough O2.

Endangered: Danger of extinction within the foreseeable future.

Protecting ________ instead allows the ecosystem to be more flexible /natural.

________: CO2 dissolves in water to form H2CO3 (carbonic acid)

________: inherent genetic kinship with the natural world.

________: Popular with humans due to their "cuteness, "large size, and /or high intelligence.

________ : Global temperatures have increased on average 1.4F, but regionally up to 4F.

________: different species prefer different temps; very narrow range.

________: Increase in average temp of earth over time.

________: Any factors that change the behaviors and fitness of organisms within an environment.

O2 + UV-C → O + O

O +O2 → O3

Gradually eliminating the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances to limit their damage to the earths ozone layer

Accelerated phase-out of CFCs

Mostly covered by ice glaciers

Responsible for nearly one-sixth of the global sea-level rise over the past 20 years

Short-term changes

Average weather conditions of a particular area over 30 years or more

UV and visible light

Absorbs more IR than anything else, but does not persist

ash reflects incoming radiation, so a cooling effect

Dead organic matter is converted into CO2 unless there is not enough O2

How we get N2O or nitrogen cycle

water vapor

CO2, methane, N2O

low O2 so methane-like wetlands

identification so an increase in N2O

cattle and sheep create methane

less photosynthesis, more CO2 burning releases PM, methane, N2O as well

Methane

HCFCs (have replaced CFCs) also GHGs

Planetary scale changes in Earth systems land, air life, soil, atmosphere, oceans, humans

changes in temperature, precipitation, wind, storms, currents, etc

Increase in average temp of earth over time

First to accurately measure CO2

Global temperatures have increased on average 1.4F, but regionally up to 4F

Preserved physical characteristics of the environment that can stand in for direct measurement

different species prefer different temps; very narrow range

CO2 dissolves in water to form H2CO3 (carbonic acid)

range of temperature tolerance is small

freshwater dilutes the ocean and stops salt water from sinking near Greenland

Set goals for global emissions of GHGs to be reduced by 2012

Increase fuel efficiency, renewable energy

return agricultural lands to pasture/forest

(one of the earliest environmental laws) prohibits the transport of illegally harvested plants and animals

threatened species

Any factors that change the behaviors and fitness of organisms within an environment

Spatially separated pops of the same species, interact and interbreed

contain zones that vary in the allowed amount of impact

Quickly reflected changes in ecosystems functioning

Has a disproportionate, far-reaching impact on species in its ecosystem

Popular with humans due to their "cuteness", large size, and/or high intelligence

The conservation and protection of these species indirectly affect the conservation and protection of other species within their ecosystem

Prohibits killing any marine mammals in the US and any import/export of MM body parts

Authorizes the USFWS to determine which species can be listed as threatened or endangered

Danger of extinction within the foreseeable future

Likely to become endangered in foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range

inherent genetic kinship with the natural world