S&C Exam 1 Review

Emily is able to flip a 500 pound tire, but can not deadlift 500 pounds. Which of the following statements best explains why?

A) The act of tire flipping creates a 3rd class lever, resulting in a mechanical advantage for Emily.

B) The act of tire flipping creates a 1st class lever, resulting in a mechanical advantage for Emily.

C) The act of tire flipping creates a 2nd class lever, resulting in a mechanical advantage for Emily.

A 3rd class lever is characterized by

A) the resistance and muscle force located on opposite sides of the fulcrum

B) its ability to produce the largest force compared to other classes of lever

C) the moment arm of muscle force being longer than the moment arm of resistive force

D) the moment arm of muscle force being shorter than the moment arm of resistive force

Knee flexion uses which class of lever?

A) 2nd

B) 3rd

C)None

D) 1st

The formula for Work is?

A) Work/Time

B) Speed/Velocity

C) Torque x Angular Displacement

D) Displacement x Force

A muscle that can slow down or stop the movement?

A) Friction

B) Concentric

C) Agonist

D) Antagonist

Which anatomical plane divides the body into left and right sections?

A) Perpendicular

B) Frontal

C) Transverse

D) Sagittal

Which lever has the fulcrum in the middle of the load and effort?

A) 1st class

B) None

C) 3rd class

D) 2nd class

When a muscle shortens because the contractile force is greater than the resistive force, this muscle action is known as?

A) Concentric

B) Eccentric

C) Inertial force

D) Muscle force

Which of the following is the resistive force encountered when one attempts to move an object while it is pressed against another object?

A) Inertia

B) Gravity

C) Obstruction

D) Friction

Which of the following is an example of a 1st class lever?

A) Tweezers

B) Wheelbarrow

C) A crow bar or car jack

D) A nutcracker

Which energy system exclusively uses the Kreb cycle to replenish ATP?

A) Glycolysis

B) Oxidative System

C) Phosphagen System

The Krebs cycle occurs in which portion of the cell?

A) Mitochondria

B) Nucleus

C) Membrane

D) Cytoplasm

Which of the following energy systems has the capacity to produce the east amount of ATP, but does so at a quick rate?

A) Phosphagen System

B) Oxidative Phosphorylation

C) Glycolysis

D) Beta oxidation

Depletion of muscle glycogen during recovery is related to post-exercise carbohydrates ingestion.

True

False

The extent to which each of the 3 energy systems contributes to ATP production depends primarily on the intensity of muscular activity and secondarily on the duration. At no time, during either exercise or rest, does any single energy system provide the complete supply of energy.

True

False

During aerobic/endurance-type that requires an athlete to maintain their highest level of performance for several hours, which of the following will contribute to fatigue the most?

A) Muscle glycogen

B) Fat stores

C) Creatine Phosphate

The total of all the catabolic or exergonic and anabolic or endergonic reactions in a biological system

A) Bioenergetics

B) Anabolism

C) Catabolism

D) Metabolism

HITT when used in conjunction with other training sessions, may result in greater stress and risk of injury.

True

False

Two athletes are competing in upcoming competition, a weightlifting meet and a marathon. Which energy systems will each be primarily using respectively?

A) Oxidative & Glycolytic

B) Oxidative & Phosphagen

C) Glycolytic & Phosphagen

D) Phosphagen & Oxidative

Selectively training energy systems that are used in your sport is defined as?

A) Metabolic Profiling

B) Metabolic Specificity

C) Energy system predominance

Some research suggests that females mount an acute increase in free testosterone but not total testosterone, following resistance training?

True

False

Which peptide hormone stimulates the release of IFG-1?

A) Growth Hormone

B) Testosterone

C) Insulin

Which of the following is a steroid hormone?

A) Cortisol

B) Growth Hormone

C) IFG-1

D) Insulin

Effects of low testosterone can include

A) can impact human growth hormones

B) impact emotional level

C) can increase libido (sex drive)

D) all of the above

Which of the following intensity ranges would be most conductive to acute increases in testosterone levels during and immediately after a resistance training session?

A) 60-75% of 1RM

B) 80-95% of 1RM

C) 55-70% of 1RM

Hormones are secreted _______ the resistance exercise bout due to the physiological stress of resistance exercise.

A) During

B) Before

C) After

D) All the above

Which answer does not represent testosterone role in building muscle?

A) decreases libido (sex drive)

B) Impacts fat distribution

C) enhances muscle mass creation

D) enhances strength development

Acute increases in ______ stimulate energy availability and suppress energy consuming processes.

A) IGF-1

B) Cortisol

C) Testosterone

For several weeks one of your athletes has been performing 2/day workouts at very high intensity. You notice that performance in the weight room has steadily declined over the last 2 weeks What may explain the decline in the athlete's performance?

A) The athlete is in chronic alarm phase by overactivation of adrenal cortex. The athlete has chronically elevated estrogen levels

B) The athlete is in chronic alarm phase characterized by overactivation of adrenal cortex. The athlete has chronically elevated cortisol levels

C) The athlete is in chronic adaptation phase characterized by overactivation of the adrenal medulla. The athlete has chronically elevated cortisol levels.

Which of the following is NOT a role of cortisol?

A) Suppress protein synthesis

B) Promote gluconeogenesis

C) Promote lipolysis

D) Increase immune function