Physics - Chapter 3 (waves)

the highest point on a wave above the equilibrium

the lowest point on a wave below the equilibrium

the distance between successive crests of a wave

the max or min displacement from the equilibrium

transfer energy without the transfer of matter

waves travel in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration

waves travel in a direction parallel to the direction of vibration

v = f x λ

time taken to complete one oscillation of a wave

each wavefront represents a single wave

short wavelength

longer wavelength

when a wave hits a boundary between two different media and doesn't pass through

angle of incidence = angle of reflection

when a waves passes a boundary (between two different media) and undergoes a change in direction

when the wave slows down and wavelength decreases wave bends towards the normal

when the wave speeds up and the wave length increases

when a wave passes through a narrow gap and spreads out

the line at the right angle to the boundary is called normal

the angle between the incident ray and the normal

angle between reflected ray and the normal

1. the same size as the object

2. the distance behind the mirror as the object infront of it

3. directly in line with the object

an image that is formed when the light rays from an object do not meet but appear to meet behind the screen eg: mirror (virtual images are upright)

an image that is formed when the light rays from an object converge (meet eachother) and can be projected on a screen

frequency

the ratio of speeds in two different regions

if light travels from less dense to more dense r < i and vice versa

n = sin i divided by sin r

angle of incidence when angle of refraction is 90

occurs when i > c and the incident material is denser (eg: glass to air)

telescope, periscope, binoculars

sinc c = 1/n

the line that passes through the center of a lens

the point at which the rays of lights travelling converge

the distance between the center of the lens and the principal focus

has a single frequency