human geography
The study of where and why human activities are located where they are
physical geography
the branch of geography dealing with natural features and processes
cultural landscape
the visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape
cartographic scale
the way the map communicates the ratio of its size to the size of what it represents
thematic map
A map that shows a particular theme/a map that shows specialized information
map projection
a way of representing the spherical Earth on a flat surface
choropleth map
A map that uses differences in shading or coloring to indicate statistical ranges.
graduated symbol map
A map with symbols that change in size according to the value of the attribute they represent.
dot distribution map
each dot represents an identical unit and conveys data by amount present
cartogram map
A map in which the shape or size is distorted in order to demonstrate a variable such as travel, population or economic production
isoline map
Map displaying lines that connect points of equal value; for example, a map showing elevation levels
Gall-Peters Projection
equal area projection that distorts the shape of land masses (looks stretched out)
Mercator map projection
accurately shows shape and direction, but distorts distance and size of land masses; used for navigation across and ocean
region
An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features.
absolute location
Exact location of a place on the earth described by global coordinates
place
A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character.
Relative Location
The position of a place in relation to another place
site
The physical character of a place
situation
the location of a place related to it contextual surroundings
toponyms
name given to a portion of Earth's surface
time-space compression
the rapid innovation of communication and transportation technologies associated with globalization that transforms the way people think about space and time; a sense that the world is shrinking
friction of distance
A measure of how much absolute distance affects the interaction between two places.
distance-decay
contact diminishing with increasing distance and eventually disappear.
human-environment interaction
The geographic theme that explores how people use, adapt to, and modify the environment
environmental determinism
the idea that human behavior is controlled by the physical environment
environmental possibilism
the belief that a physical environment plays a role in the development of a society, but is NOT the ONLY factor at work. Human innovation often times can overcome nature's limits
formal region
a group of places that have one or more unifying attributes with well defined borders, for example, a political region
functional (or nodal) region
An area organized around a node or focal point. Consists of a central place and the surrounding places affected by it
perceptual (or vernacular) region
Region whose boundaries are determined by people's beliefs, not a scientifically measurable process.
geographic scale
amount of territory that a map represents IE global scale is whole earth, local scale is small region
scale
Generally, the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole, specifically the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth's surface.
scale of analysis
a scale that determines what is being studied based on the size of the area being examined
Census
the government's official count of a population every 10 years
Sustainability
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
remote sensing
the scanning of the earth by satellite or high-flying aircraft in order to obtain information about it.
GPS (global positioning system)
a system that accurately determines the precise position of something on Earth
spatial pattern
pattern that arranges points by location
Natural Resources (Land)
Any material provided by nature that can be used to produce goods and services
land use
Various ways humans use the land such as agricultural, industrial, residential, or recreational
political map
A map that shows man-made features such as boundaries, countries, and cities.
Physcial map
Helps you see the landforms and bodies of water in specific areas.
clustered
Gathered closely together in a group
dispersed
distributed or spread over a considerable extent
GIS (geographic information system)
A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data.
space
The physical gap or interval between two objects
topographic map
a map that shows the surface features of Earth, specifically elevation
Quantitative Data
Data that is in numbers
qualititative data
data with general observations
Globalization
the interconnected nature of the world socially, politically, and economically.
false conclusion
Inaccurate generalizations that are not supported by the data or logical reasoning.