Goat

1st President of US (under the Constitution) New York City

an action or decision that serves as an example to follow in similar situations

The beginning, the first of a series

1st Secretary of the Treasury (under Washington)-he wanted to create national bank, pay off states' debts using federal tax money, and use tariffs to pay off the national debt

1st Secretary of State (under Washington)

-early political party led by Thomas Jefferson-believed states should have more power than central government-popular in south and west

-group that shares the same ideas about how government should run

-way of interpreting the Constitution-only means what is actually written in it-Thomas Jefferson supported this

-broad interpretation of the constitution-government has powers beyond what is listed in the constitution

Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution-allows Congress to make all laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out the powers of the Constitution

part of Hamilton's economic plan as a place to deposit government moneyand to make loans to the government and businesses

-tax protest by farmers in western PA-Washington and troops quashed it, proving the Constitution stronger than Articles of Confederation

-Washington's final advice on foreign affairs, debt, and political parties

A national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs

-a 1793 statement by President Washington that the United States would not support or aid either France or Britain in their fight with each other

-treaty signed in 1794 between the U.S. & Britain, negotiated by John Jay-Britain had to pay for Americans ships seized in 1793-Americans had to pay British merchants debts owed from before the Rev War-British would remove troops from the Ohio Valley

-agreement between the US & Spain, negotiated by Charles Pinckney-changed Florida's border-made it easier for US ships to use the port of New Orleans

Using title of Mr. PresidentServing 2 termsGiving Inaugural Address

-Compromise made by Jefferson/Madison/Hamilton-moved the capital to the south (Washington DC) in exchange for the south's support to pay off northern states' war debt

Capital of the United States-formed from land from Maryland & Virginia on the Potomac River

2nd President of the US-Federalist Party

-Americans were supposed to meet with the French foreign minister (Talleyrand)-instead 3 officials who Adams called "X,Y, and Z" demanded $250,000 as a bribe to meet with Talleyrand and to stop attacking US ships

-1798 law that gave president authority to deport individuals whom he considered a threat to US

-law that made it a crime to write, print, utter, or publish criticism of the president of government

Written anonymously by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts-said that states could nullify (ignore) federal laws that the states considered unconstitutional

French diplomat who suggested Americans overthrow GW when GW refused to support France's war v. Great Britain

Political Party led by Hamilton/Adams -pro-British -supported by northern states -pro-business -supported a national bank -believed in loose construction of constitution

French people overthrew the French monarchy -inspired by American Revolution but much bloodier and more violent -divided US - Americans supported the French people, US govt. did not get involved

Changed procedure for electing President and Vice-President-electors would cast one ballot for President, one for VP (before it was 1st place winner=Pres., 2nd place=VP)

Land purchased from France by TJ-$15 million-doubled size of US - Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains

expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the new land purchased from France

Native American woman who guided Lewis and Clark during exploration of LA territory-they would have died without her help

1803 Supreme Court case that established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in Marbury vs. Madison

-Peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another (Federaist to Dem.-Rep.)

-Black scientist and engineer -Saved plans for Washington D.C. by writing them out from memory

International slave trade banned in US in 1808 (part of the slave trade/tariff compromise from Cons. Convention)

Shawnee chief who tried to united Native American tribes in Ohio and Indiana against white settlers advancing on their land-sided with British in War of 1812

US tried to gain control of Canada during War of 1812

Southern and Western congressmen who were eager for war with Britain-wanted control of British territory in North America

British occupied forts here-violated Treaty of Paris and Jay's Treaty by never abandoning their forts in the area

British practice of capturing American sailors and forcing them into military service

1812-1814 war between the U.S. and Great Britain caused by American outrage over the impressment of American sailors by the British, the British seizure of American ships, and British aid to the Indians attacking the Americans on the western frontier.-2nd war for independence

Naval battle-U.S. forces led by Oliver Hazard Perry-defeated and captured six British naval ships-gave US control over The Great Lakes

U.S. naval officer who beat the British on Lake Erie in 1813-wrote of the victory - "We have met the enemy and they are ours"

Battle in which General Harrison defeated British & Native American forces in the Northwest-Tecumseh was killed in the battle

Americans lost - ran from the battle-enabled the British to march into Washington DC and burn it down

US warship which defeated the British warship HMS Guerriere in 1812-British cannon never punctured the ship - earned the nickname "Old Ironsides"

1st Lady, wife of James Madison-last to leave the White House before British burned it-saved important papers and GW painting

British invade and set the White House and most of the city on fire-hurricane and tornado saved DC from further destruction

British attack Fort McHenry to get to Baltimore but eventually retreat-Francis Scott Key wrote the Defense of Fort McHenry about the battle - later became the national anthem "Star-Spangled Banner"

-national anthem written by Francis Scott Key as he witnessed the bombing of Fort McHenry by the British

Fort that guarded entrance to Baltimore harbor

Washington lawyer who watched the all-night battle at Fort McHenry-wrote poem "The Defense of Fort McHenry" which later became the national anthem

U.S. forces led by Andrew Jackson defeated Native American tribes

Last major battle of the War of 1812-fought AFTER the war was over but they didn't know-made Andrew Jackson a war hero which helped him become President

1823 - warned European countries not to interfere/colonize in the Americas -reinforced Washington's Neutrality Proclamation

-time period after the War of 1812-characterized by time of peace, building of infrastructure, lack of political party infighting

-Bought from France (Napoleon) for $15 million by Thomas Jefferson -doubled the size of the US, from Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains

U.S. general who defeated the Native Americans at Horseshoe Bend and commanded the victory over the British at New Orleans-he became a national hero as a result of his record in the War of 1812 and later rode that fame to the presidency.

-policy of giving the "common man" more political power-Jackson dropped the requirement that you had to own land to be able to vote

-economic plan to use tariff money to build infrastructure - roads, canals, railroads

-Senator from Kentucky who proposed the American System

-A tax on imported goods that raises the price of imports so people will buy domestic goods

A sectional crisis during the presidency of Andrew Jackson-an attempt by South Carolina to nullify (invalidate) a federal law - the tariff-Jackson threatened to send US troops to SC

-Supreme Court case that ruled in favor of the Cherokee being able to keep their land-Andrew Jackson ignored it and forced the Cherokee to move off the land for white settlers (the Trail of Tears)

Forced removal of the Cherokee Indians from their land in Georgia to Indian territory in Oklahoma-800 mile trail from-more than 4, 00 Cherokees died of cold, disease, and lack of food during the 116-day journey

Belief that a state can ignore federal law that they believe violates the Constitution (declare it null and void)

Also called Tariff of 1828-tax on imported manufactured goods-The tariff protected the North because encouraged people to buy American products-South said tariff hurt their economy and unconstitutional because it violated states' rights

-Giving government jobs to your supporters when you win an election