Biology - Chapter 2 Test

Transports oxygen, makes muscle movements possible, component of hair and nails

made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur,

Identified by number and order of amino acids

Great source of long term energy

Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

Insulates and supplies calories

Great source of fast energy

Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen

Body breaks this down into glucose

The monomer of carbohydrates

Formula: CH₂O

All starches digest into this

A polymer of carbohydrates

Made up of two monosaccharides

Monomers of Carbohydrates

Polymers of Carbohydrates

The two groups of Carbohydrates

Compounds with the same chemical formula but different structural arrangements

_________ molecules are the foundation of life

All of the chemical reactions that take place in organisms

any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds

triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids

(Ex. Fats, Oils, Cholesterol, Waxes)

glycerol and fatty acids

______ must be removed for the glycerol and 3 fatty acids to combine and make lipids

Amino acids

Polypeptides

Stores genetic information, builds proteins

made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphate

Nucleotides

DNA & RNA

An attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom

Ex. water molecules

The attraction among molecules of a substance

The attraction among molecules of different substances

A mixture of substances that is the same throughout - a homogenous mixture

The substance that is present in the greater amount and that dissolves another substance

A substance that dissolves in a solvent

A compound that releases a proton

Compounds that remove H+ ions from a solution

A solutions acidity, or H+ ion concentration, is measure by the this scale

Water is a ______ molecule, meaning it has unequal sharing of electrons among atoms

water has one ________________.

This helps water molecules bond together

The property that allows liquid to resist external force

Water _______ when it freezes and becomes less dense

water resists changing its _________.

Food is a source of large molecules called ____________ which are needed for life

The parts that make the substance up

The 4 biomolecules are _________

A large molecule, or macromolecule, made of many monomers bonded together

Chemical reaction absorbs more energy than it releases

Change substances into different substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds

The substances changed during a chemical reaction

The substances made by a chemical reaction

The amount of energy that will break a bond between two atoms

Is reached when both the reactants and products are made at the same rate

Ex. Organisms maintaining homeostasis

The amount of energy that needs to be absorbed for a chemical reaction to start

Chemical reaction releases more energy than it absorbs

Ex. Burning wood

a substance that decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction and as a result also increases the rate of the chemical reaction.

Ex. Enzymes

catalysts in chemical reaction in living things

The specific reactants that an enzyme acts on

The coolest, hottest, funniest, most sexy person ever

(this question totally wasn’t just made so I would have 50 terms instead of an awkward 49)