Unit 1: Chemistry of Life

________ are molecules that are made up of simple units called nucleotides.

Nucleic acids

________ is a four- ringed molecule that is found in membranes.

Cholesterol

________ are organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Carbohydrates

________ is a molecule in the blood that helps distribute oxygen to the tissues in the body.

Hemoglobin

________ is when polymers can also be broken down into monomers.

Hydrolysis

Most carbohydrates are categorised as either ________, disaccharides, or polysaccharides.

monosaccharides

________ contains the hereditary "blueprints "of all life.

DNA

________ are the individual building blocks of a polymer.

Monomers

The ________ ions in a solution will indicate whether it is acidic, basic, or neutral.

concentration of hydrogen

________ are negatively charged-) (particles.

Electrons

________ are also influenced by whether the solution in which they occur is acidic, basic, or neutral.

Reactions

________ is essential for protein synthesis.

RNA

________ are positively charged (+) particles.

Protons

________ contain two fatty acid "tails "and one negatively charged phosphate "head.

Phospholipids

A(n) ________ is lost in the reaction, and a larger compound is formed.

water molecule

They contain ________, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms.

carbon

________ are chains of building blocks in macromolecules.

Polymers

________ is an important part of the food we eat, and it is the product made by plants during photosynthesis.

Glucose

________ are building blocks of proteins.

Amino acids

________ affects whether an amino acid is more hydrophobic or more hydrophilic.

Side chain polarity

________ are made up of many repeated units of monosaccharides.

Polysaccharides

A solution is acidic if it contains a(n) ________ ions (H+)

lot of hydrogen

They contain carbon, hydrogen, ________, and nitrogen and phosphorus.

oxygen

________ are uncharged particles.

Neutrons

________ are the unit of life and are the building blocks of the physical world.

Atoms

________ and starch are sugar storage molecules.

Glycogen

The ________ is logarithmic and represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration.

pH scale

When the polypeptide begins to twist it begins forming either a coil (known as a(n) ________) or zigzagging pattern (known as beta- pleated sheets)

alpha helix

A(n) ________ can be saturated with hydrogens along its long carbon chain or it cant be unsaturated.

fatty acid

When ________ sometimes interact with each other, they form a quaternary structure.

different polypeptide chains

Once a(n) ________ and folds on itself, it forms a 3D structure called a protein.

polypeptide chain twists

The ________ formed from two glucose molecules is maltose.

disaccharide

If a(n) ________ is joined together in a "string, "the resulting organic compound is called a polypeptide.

group of amino acids

Each triglyceride is made of a glycerol molecule (also called the glycerol backbone) with three ________ attached to it.

fatty acid chains

________ are important for structure, function, and regulation of your tissues and organs.

Proteins

________ are important due to their non- polar structures, they function as structural components of cell membranes, sources of insulation, signalling molecules, and a means of energy storage.

Lipids

The ________ or alkalinity of a solution can be measured using a pH scale.

acidity

A(n) ________ is formed when electrons are shared between atoms.

covalent bond

________ with carbon are organic molecules and ________ that do not contain carbon atoms are called inorganic compounds.

Molecules

The ________ contributes to another property of water known as surface tension.

cohesion of water molecules

When two ________ are joined, the bond is called a glycosidic linkage, and the resulting sugar is called a disaccharide.

monosaccharides

________ are important because of some unique properties they possess, regards to water.

Phospholipids

________ have a strong tendency to stick together.

Water molecules

________ and fructose can be depicted as either "straight "or "rings ..

Glucose

Just add water

To break up the disaccharide and form two monosaccharides