Chem 1LC safety practical

What are the appropriate actions to take in the event of a spill?

• Contaminated clothing must be removed and treated as hazardous waste

• use a spill pillow to absorb liquids with nontoxic vapors

• if splashed with large quantity of a chemical, use shower immediately

• if solid is spilled, wash and scrape off, then wash with water

• eyewashes should be used for at least 15 minutes

1. contaminated clothing must be.....

removed and treated as hazardous waste

2. use a spill pillow to...

absorb liquids with nontoxic vapors

3. if splashed with large quantity of a chemical...

use shower immediately

4. if solid is spilled....

wash and scrape off, then wash with water

5. eyewashes should be use for…

at least 15 minutes

What are the four key steps for responding to a spill? (ECIM)

Evacuate- large spills/hazardous

communicate: notify an instructor or stock staff of location and contents

isolate: contain spill with pillows

mitigate: clean up spill, instructor decides if you can clean it up

What are the two steps when you are on fire?

stop, drop and roll; wrap the person in a fire blanket

How do you use a fire extinguisher? (PASS)

PASS

Pull: the safety pin

Aim: base of the fire

Squeeze: handle to begin discharge

Sweep: discharge back and forth

Match the part of the fire tetrahedron with the way to remove it: heat, oxygen, chemical chain reaction, fuel

heat: pour water

oxygen: carbon dioxide fire extinguisher blanket

chemical chain reaction: halon fire extinguisher

fuel: minimize flammable solvents

Match fire class with their fuel for the fire:(A,B,C,D)

A: paper, clothing plastics

B: oil, organic solvents, gasoline

C: hot plates, computers

D: reactive metals (ie sodium or lithium)

Facts about fire:

Water cannot be used to extinguish a class __ fire

water cannot be used to extinguish a class D fire

Facts about fire: Removing heat keeps the __ from vaporizing

removing heat keeps the fuel from vaporizing

facts about fire: The fuels must be __ to burn

the fuels must be vaporized to burn

Which of the following are true about bleach?

• Nitrile gloves have a __ min breakthrough time for bleach

• Bleach is a weak reducing agent

• Bleach can cause severe ___ burns and __ damage

• If a significant amount of ___ is spilled on you, get into the ___ immediately

• Bleach forms poisonous chlorine and chloramine gas when combined with ___

• nitrile gloves have a 480 min breakthrough time for bleach

• bleach can cause sever skin burns and eye damage

• if a significant amount of bleach is spilled on you, get into the shower immediately

• bleach forms poisonous chlorine and chloramine gas when combined with ammonia

What percentage of known chemicals have safety data sheets?

0.1%

Who creates SDS?

chemical suppliers

What GHS components are incorporated in SDS?

• pictograms

• signal words

• hazard ratings

• hazard statements

• precautionary statements

SDS is written for a (professional or industrial) setting, because of this, chemical hazards and personal protective equipment requirements may be (under or overstated).

SDS is written for an indurstial setting, because of this, chemical hazards and personal protective equipment requirements may be overstated.

Rearrange these steps for using SDS:

• look at the procedures for safe handling

• compare label info to ensure you have right SDS

• determine hazard class

• compare label info to ensure you have right SDS

• determine hazard class

• look at the procedures for safe handling

What should be done while handling a corrrosive?

• if exposed…

• discard __ after contamination of taking off

• wear __, , __, & __,

• carry bottles in __ __

• use in the fume hood if the __ is a __ hazard

• long or short clothing?

• ___ -shedding closed toed shoes

• know the location of the __ stations

• if exposed wash off skin immediately

• discard gloves after contamination of taking off

• wear gloves, goggles, and lab coat

• carry bottles in secondary containers

• use in the fume hood if the corrosive is an inhalant hazard

• long clothing water-shedding closed toed shoes

• know the location of the eyewash stations

random error (pick two):

• reduced by using a best fit line

• failure to read the last sig figs

• inaccurate calibration of pH probe

• result of equipment failure

• consistently reading buret volume by looking up at liquid level

• light source on spectrometer dims over time

• causes outlier than can be determined by “Q-test”

• measured by calculating standard deviation

• eliminated methods, more then 1 calibration step

• using graduated cylinder instead of volumetric flask to make standard deviations

• measured by calculating standard deviation

• reduced by using a best fit line

instrumental error (pick two):

• reduced by using a best fit line

• failure to read the last sig figs

• inaccurate calibration of pH probe

• result of equipment failure

• consistently reading buret volume by looking up at liquid level

• light source on spectrometer dims over time

• causes outlier than can be determined by “Q-test”

• measured by calculating standard deviation

• eliminated methods, more then 1 calibration step

• using graduated cylinder instead of volumetric flask to make standard deviations

• inaccurate calibration of pH probe

• light source on spectrometer dims over time

methodological error (pick two):

• reduced by using a best fit line

• failure to read the last sig figs

• inaccurate calibration of pH probe

• result of equipment failure

• consistently reading buret volume by looking up at liquid level

• light source on spectrometer dims over time

• causes outlier than can be determined by “Q-test”

• measured by calculating standard deviation

• eliminated methods, more then 1 calibration step

• using graduated cylinder instead of volumetric flask to make standard deviations

• consistently reading buret volume by looking up at liquid level

• using graduated cylinder instead of volumetric flask to make standard deviations

systematic error (pick one):

• reduced by using a best fit line

• failure to read the last sig figs

• inaccurate calibration of pH probe

• result of equipment failure

• consistently reading buret volume by looking up at liquid level

• light source on spectrometer dims over time

• causes outlier than can be determined by “Q-test”

• measured by calculating standard deviation

• eliminated methods, more then 1 calibration step

• using graduated cylinder instead of volumetric flask to make standard deviations

• eliminated by good experimental methods, more than 1 calibration step

gross error (pick two):

• reduced by using a best fit line

• failure to read the last sig figs

• inaccurate calibration of pH probe

• result of equipment failure

• consistently reading buret volume by looking up at liquid level

• light source on spectrometer dims over time

• causes outlier than can be determined by “Q-test”

• measured by calculating standard deviation

• eliminated methods, more then 1 calibration step

• using graduated cylinder instead of volumetric flask to make standard deviations

• causes outlier that can be determined by “Q-test”

• result of equipment failure

personal error (pick one):

• reduced by using a best fit line

• failure to read the last sig figs

• inaccurate calibration of pH probe

• result of equipment failure

• consistently reading buret volume by looking up at liquid level

• light source on spectrometer dims over time

• causes outlier than can be determined by “Q-test”

• measured by calculating standard deviation

• eliminated methods, more then 1 calibration step

• using graduated cylinder instead of volumetric flask to make standard deviations

• failure to read the last sig figs from a buret

Which of the following play significant roles in the extent of injury or harm when exposed to a hazardous chemical?

• atmospheric pressure

• relative humidity

• availability of safety equipment

• the amount of chemical one is exposed to

• the amount of time one is exposed to the chemical

• how the chemical entered the body

• the amount of chemical one is exposed to

• the amount of time one is exposed to the chemical

• how the chemical entered the body

match to minimize exposure:

ingestion, eye exposure, inhalation, skin exposure, injection:

• cap flasks containing volatile liquids

• clean surfaces, wear gloves and lab coat

• do not put anything in your mouth that’s been in the lab

• always wear goggles

• use dustpan and broom to clean up broken glass

ingestion: do not put anything in your mouth that’s been in the lab

eye exposure: always wear goggles

inhalation: cap flasks containing volatile liquids

skin exposure: clean surfaces, wear gloves and lab coat

injection: use dustpan and broom to clean up broken glass

match the airborne particle with its description:

mists, fumes, dusts, smoke, nanoparticles

• tiny liquid droplets

• solid particles suspended in the air

• colloidal suspension of liquid particles in the air

• ultra fine homogenous particles

• mixture of dry particles and drops of liquid

mists: tiny liquid droplets

dusts: solid particles suspended in the air

fumes: colloidal suspension of liquid particles in the air

nanoparticles: ultra fine homogenous particles

smoke: mixture of dry particles and drops of liquid

What are parts of the design of laboratory ventilation? (ie: fume hoods and hallways)

• lab air leaves through the fume hoods

• air enters the labs through heating/cooling ducks and hallway air

• hallway air flows into the lab

1. Wear safety [1], not safety glasses, and lab aprons at all times. Wear prescription eye glasses underneath goggles

goggles

2. Wear clothing providing [2] protection. Shorts, Capri pants, sandals, slip on shoes, minis, and bare stomach, shoulders, or backs are not allowed in the labs.

maximum

3. Conduct myself in a mature fashion. Excessive noise or [3] behaviors are NOT permitted.

disruptive

4. Note the exact location of all [4] and learn its proper use.

safety equipment

5. Perform reactions using (or evolving) noxious or highly combustible chemicals in a [5].

fume hood

6. Report and [6] all spills immediately.

clean up

[7] from eating, drinking, smoking, or chewing gum in lab.

refrain

[8] of any cracked or broken glassware.

dispose

9. Extinguish all flames or ignition sources when using [9] and/or volatile chemicals.

flammable

10. Place all left‑over chemicals in the appropriate collection bottles in the hood. Do NOT dump chemicals into the [10].

sink or trash

11. Perform only supervised and authorized experiments in lab. An [11] must be present at all times and all procedures must be followed.

instructor

12. Use tongs or protective gloves to handle [12] objects.

hot

13. Add concentrated [13] slowly to water while stirring when diluting - NEVER the reverse!

acid

14. Use [14] procedures and precautions when inserting glass tubing into a rubber stopper.

correct

15. Properly label all chemical containers and [15] labels before using chemicals.

read

14. Store all book bags, purses, coats, etc., in [16] areas to avoid clutter

designated

17. I will [17] my workspace and wash hands frequently during lab and thoroughly before leaving lab.

clean

18. Think before acting and use [18] judgement and care in the lab.

good

19. [19] report all injuries to the instructor no matter how small the injury appears.

immediately

What is the most appropriate action if a chemical has just splashed on a person's face in lab?

wash face without removing goggles

If large portions of a person's body are exposed to harmful chemicals, what should be done?

use safety shower

What is the minimum amount of time an area of a person's body that has been exposed to harmful chemicals should be washed? (in minutes)

15 minutes

What should be done...

1. in case of a fire? (ENM)

2. if the fire alarm sounds (SUE)

3. …if an accident occurs? (NADS)

1. …in case of a fire? (ENM)

   • evaluate the situation

   • notify the lab instructor

   • move away from the fire

2. …if the fire alarm sounds? (SUE)

   • stop chemical reactions and lower hood sashes

   • unplug electrical equipment

   • evacuate the building by taking the stairs

3. …if an accident occurs? (NADS)

   • notify the lab instructor

   • act quickly

   • do not panic

   • seek medical attention

When should gloves be worn?

• working on somputers

• outside of lab

• handking toxic or corrosive chemicals

• upon first entering the lab

• handling toxic or corrosive chemicals

1. What should you do when working with a heat source?

   • always assume that glassware and metal objects are hot

   • utilize a fume hood

   • do nothing

   • all of these

all of these

2. What should you do when working with a volatile chemical?

   • work near a heat source

   • mix it with oxidizing agents

   • work in the fume hood

   • all of these

work in the fume hood (mixing volatile chemical with oxidizing agents is highly hazardous)

3. What should you do when working with a bottle containing a chemical?

   • never assume that the cap is tightened

   • all of these

   • hold the bottle with the label in the palm of your hand

   • grasp the bottle firmly

all of these

Before coming to lab, which ones should you do?

• eat food

• read and understand experimental procedures and safety precautions

• dress properly

all of these

Which of the following is NOT allowed in lab?

• food

• drink

• eye glasses

• mixing chemicals without specific instruction from the lab instructor

• cell phones

• students who are not enrolled in the lab section

• open flame

• backpacks

• drinking water (or anything else)

• food

• drink

• students who are not enrolled in the lab section

• mixing chemicals without specific instruction form the lab instructor

• open flame

What should be worn in the laboratory?

• yoga pants

• long pants

• closed toe water shedding shoes

• tank top shirt

• goggles

• bare back dress

• capri pants

• sandals

• lab coats

• long pants

• closed toad water shedding shoes

• goggles

• lab coat

What should a student locate when entering lab?

• fire extinguisher

• safety shower

• stairwells

• eye wash stations

a ________ error is created by using the wrong indicator for an acid-base titration

what category of error is this in?

methodological; systematic

a ______ error occurs when an experimenter records only even numbers for the last digit of buret volumes.

what category of error is this in?

personal; systematic

the three types of systematic errors are ______ , ______ and ______

methodological, personal, instrumental

A _____ error is caused by an experimenter's carelessness or equipment failure.

gross

a ______ (or indeterminate) error is caused by uncontrollable fluctuations in variables that affect experimental results.

a random

a ______ error results when a spectrometer drifts away from calibrated settings.

what category of error is this in?

instrumental; systematic

Fire extinguishers are located by...

each door of the lab

Sodium bicarbonate and Solusorb

• what is it inside of?

• location?

• use of these chemicals?

• inside of: buckets

• located: in front of the lab

• to neutralize/absorb chemical spills on the floor or lab tables

where are first-aid kits located?

in the stock room

Whats is the function of each of the following items inside of the spill kit?

• absorbent barrier

• flattened absorbent barriers

• splash goggles

• sodium bicarbonate

• absorbent barrier to collect strong liquids and acids

• flattened absorbent barriers to clean the rest of the spill

• splash goggles for more coverage

• sodium bicarbonate is basic so it can neutralize acids

Water is used by firefighters to control heat inside of a burning building. As the water turns to steam, it absorbs heat from the fire. What is the term for the energy required to turn water to steam?

• liquid to gas

• evaporation

Fill in the blank for each fire extinguishing method:

• put a beaker over the candle to remove all __

• blow the flame out to disrupt the __ __ reaction by disporting the __ to __ ratio

• light a match and place it in the __. the back (lit or unlit) end of the top edge should rest on the edge of the crucible

• squirt the flame out with a small squeeze bottle of __.

1. oxygen

2. chemical chain: fuel to oxygen

3. crucible

4. water

whats a corrosive do?

destroying other substances as they cause a chemical reaction

How was the sponge able to be corroded by the strong acid?

sponges are carbon based compounds

How does this relate to your skin's composition and corrosive safety?

human skin is made of cells in which membranes are composed of carbohydrates, which makes us carbon-based (organic) compounds

What does the “fire: GHS symbol mean?

flammable (ignites and burns)

what does the "skull and cross bones" GHS symbol stand for?

toxic (death via short exposure or small amounts)

what does the "gas tank" GHS symbol stand for?

compressed gas

What does the "O with fire" GHS symbol stand for?

oxidizing (fire caused by increasing concentration of oxygen in the air)

What does the "two flasks pouring on a hand and a table" GHS stand for?

corrosive (destroys living tissue on skin)

what does the "explosion" GHS symbol stand stand for?

explosive

what does the "dead fish in the lake"GHS symbol stand for?

environment (damage to the aquatic environment)

What does the "exclamation mark" GHS symbol stand for?

irritant; skin sensitizer (less serious health effects)

what does the "man with a star on his chest" GHS symbol stand for?

Health Hazard (serious health effects)

Exposure routes: You are done pumping gas and pulling the nozzle out of the car's tank but the gas continues to flow spraying you in the face. Your eyes start to burn and you have to remove your contacts.

is this an instance of: inhalation, skin or eye absorption, ingestion, or injection?

skin or eye absorption

Exposure routes: You choose a beaker without realizing it has a small star crack in the bottom. The beaker is filled halfway with methanol and placed on the hotplate which is turned on to heat the solution. The beaker shatters as you pick it up, cutting your hand.

is this an instance of: inhalation, skin or eye absorption, ingestion, or injection?

injection

Exposure routes: You are distracted when you enter the lab and forget to cover your laptop keyboard with plastic wrap. Later that day you are at the library studying and you realize a solid is on your trackpad. You lick your finger to wet the trackpad in an attempt to remove the solid. It doesn't come off the first time, so you lick the finger again. Your mouth becomes numb.

is this an instance of: inhalation, skin or eye absorption, ingestion, or injection?

ingestion

It's your turn to clean the bathroom at the apartment. You start out using ammonia, but the smell is terrible, so you switch to bleach without washing away all the ammonia. Pretty soon you eyes are watering and you are coughing badly.

is this an instance of: inhalation, skin or eye absorption, ingestion, or injection?

inhalation

What type if eye protection provides the best protection against a chemical splash?

chemical splash goggles

How do you quickly assess your planned procedure? (RAMP)

• Recognize the hazard of acid to the eyes

• asses procedure, their knowledge and exposure probability

• minimize risk of exposure by wearing goggles

• prepare for emergencies by location eyewash station

Which is the more hazardous, warning or danger?

Danger

what would each of the following GHS symbol names fit into the NFPA Diamond (blue= health; red= flamability; yellow= instability; white= special; or none)?

• toxicity

• environment

• oxidizer

• health hazard

• flammable

• corrosive

• irritant

• compressed gas

• explosive

1. health: toxicity, health hazard, corrosive, explosive

2. flammability: flammable

3. instability: irritant

4. special hazards: oxidizer

0. none: environmental, compressed gas