APHUG Unit 1 - Expanded

the science and art of drawing maps

a place name

a pattern formed on a map or globe, by lines of latitude (parallels) and lines of latitude (meridians)

distance north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees

Distance east or west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees

an imaginary line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres and constituting the parallel of latitude 0°.

The meridian, designated at 0° longitude, which passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England.

the line of longitude that marks where each new day begins, centered on the 180th meridian

maps that emphasizes the location of places (without data attached).

Political map, Physical map, Road Map

a map that shows the names and borders of countries

a reference map that shows land and water features

a map that displays not only locations but maps a topic or theme of information with the location

Isoline, Chloropleth, Dot Distribution, cartogram, graduated symbol

A thematic map that uses tones or colors to represent spatial data as average values per unit area.

A thematic map with lines that connect points of equal value.

A map where dots are used to demonstrate the frequency or intensity of a particular phenomena

A map in which the shape or size is distorted in order to demonstrate a variable such as travel, population or economic production

A map with symbols that change in size according to the value of the attribute they represent.

a method of taking a 3D object and putting in on a 2D plane

a map projection of the earth onto a cylinder. Distorts the land area at the poles

equal area projection that distorts the shape of land masses (looks stretched out)

A projection that maintains overall shapes and relative positions without extreme distortion. Most classrooms use this projection.

the relationship between the distance on the ground and the corresponding distance on a specific map

describing where something is using the exact site on an objective coordinate system

describing the position of a place as compared to (or relative to!) another landmark

describing how far a distance is quantitative units of distance (miles, kilometers, etc.)

describing the distance between locations using qualitative terms or non-traditional measurements of distance (one hour north of)

Emotional connection to a place familiar to one due to recognizable features, sounds, smells etc

the three different aspects of a place

The physical character of a place, including its geographic characteristics. For example the site of Istanbul includes the fact that it is on a land bridge connecting Asia and Europe, and also a water bridge (strait) connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean

the specific position of a place on Earth's surface

the location of a place relative to the places that are around it- example: the situation of New Jersey is that it is part of a highly populated and connected area on the East Coast of the US

software that captures, manages, analyzes, and displays data that is collected geographically

a system that measures distance from a series of satellites to determine location on the planet

the science of making measurements of the earth using sensors on airplanes or satellites

relating to data that is specific to one location

objective data that is fact based, usually measurable and usually expressed in numbers

an official count of individuals in a population (in the USA, it happens every 10 years)

subjective information that is opinion based, is usually descriptive, and often expressed as text

density, concentration, and pattern

the number of things divided by the measurement of area

how closely packed together objects are

any regular geometric arrangement that a geographer can identify to how a characteristic is distributed

the title of our textbook and more importantly, the visible changes that humans make to the enviroment including buildings, crops, and signs

the social heritage of a group or their way of life - major components are language, religion, ethnicity, food, and roles

a source of culture (where a culture began). For example, the US is the hearth of fast food

the idea that the interaction between two places declines as the distance between them increases

a place larger than a point and smaller than a planet that is grouped together because of a measurable or perceived common feature

a region that is based entirely on something that can be identified and documented or measured - all government areas are this because they share a government

a region based around a node or focal point - terrestrial radio broadcasts are an example of this

it's only a region because people believe it's a region based on some ascribed sense of place

how zoomed in or out you are when looking at geographic data

it's not as complicated as it sounds - a fancy word for describing how things are organized in space

arrangement of a phenomenon across the Earth's surface

the flow of goods, people, or information among places, in response to localized supply and demand

the goal of the human race reaching equilibrium with the environment; meeting the needs of the present without while also leaving resources for future generations

the idea that the world feels smaller than it used to because of increased technology in transportation and communication

the belief that a physical environment is THE reason that some societies are strong while others are weaker

the belief that a physical environment plays a role in the development of a society, but is NOT the ONLY factor at work