AP Psychology Unit 12

differentiate between those who can be held entirely responsible for their crimes (legal term)

provides a way for psychologists to diagnose their patients

failure to strive toward one’s potential or being out of touch with one’s feelings

reinforcement history, the environment

Irrational, dysfunctional thoughts or ways of thinking

dysfunctional society

organic problems, biochemical imbalances, genetic predispositions

a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior

assumes that psychological disorders are mental illnesses with physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured through therapy

biological, psychological, and social-cultural

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

intense fear and avoidance or social situations

continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal

episodes of intense dread

persistent irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation

fear or avoidance of public situations from which escape might be difficult

a disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both

haunting memories that lingers four weeks or more after a traumatic experience

the experience of a fearful event later develops of similar events

when a person manifests a psychological problem through a physiological sympyom

report the existence of a severe physical problem such as paralysis or blindness

conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities

person cannot remember things and no physiological basis for the disruption in memory can be identified

remain unhappy for more than two weeks

depression during certain times of the year

milder depressed mood for a longer period of time

a person alternates between hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania

a euphoric, overly talkative, wildly energetic, optimistic state

disordered, distorted thinking demonstrated through delusions, hallucinations, disorganized language, and/or unusual motor behavior

beliefs that have no basis in reality

perceptions in the absence of any sensory stimulation

excesses in behavior, thought, or mood (neologisms and hallucinations)

deficits (flat affect or catatonia)

motor problem

no emotional response at all

make up their own words

living a life of contradictory information

stressors in our environment provide circumstances for a predisposition to an illness can express itself

inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

have little regard for other people’s feelings

ongoing pattern of varying moods, self image, and behavior

rely too much on others

feel persecuted

seeing oneself as the center of the universe

overly dramatic behavior

some obsessions & compulsions but not debilitating like OCD

a person maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight

binge eating followed by inappropriate weight-loss promoting behavior

`binge-eating episodes, followed by distress

seek out social and emotional contact than others & less likely to seek support when distressed. hypersensitivity to sensory stimulation & can exhibit intense interest in objects not viewed as interesting to others

difficulty paying attention and sitting still

multiple motor and one or more vocal tics

impacts intellectual capabilities

impacts ability to develop skills

describes decreased mental function due to a medical disease other than a psychiatric illness