Unit 7, 8, & 9 Vocab

1st World, 2nd World, 3rd World Nations

1st - US, Western Europe —> Capitalism and democratic

2nd - SU & satellite nations under the Warsaw pact

3rd - everything else

Anti-Semitism

hate towards a certain group/minority —> islamophobia

Apartheid

“apart”, segregation in South Africa

Appeasement

Britain just let Germany take land unchecked to avoid war —> failed

Asian Tigers

rapid econ growth, low work pay, saved millions of people from poverty —> Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan

Authoritarian Capitalism

democracy, strong federal gov —> parent that doesn’t give their child a lot of choice

Ayatollah

title of a leader in Iran

Berlin Wall

separated east and west berlin in cold war —> “ended” the cold war

Blitzkrieg

lightning fast war

Climate Change

result of industrialization, ties to oil, ties to Iran/Saudi Arabia

UN Declaration of Human Rights

believed humans should have rights, signed by 58 countries in 1948

Collectivization

Great Leap forward, no private ownership

Communism

everyone share everything, wanted to overthrow capitalism, state/public ownership

Decolonization

child country breaking apart from parent country

Euro

currency within Europe countries —> symbolizes that they are all allies & have a common market

European Union

middle of Bosnian genocide, tied to Yugoslavia, countries in Europe created union

Fascism

authoritarian gov with dictator & government, Mussolini from Italy, Hitler, & Mao

Feminism

birth control, women have careers/jobs/have education

Five-year plans

Russia & China to bring economic prosperity —> 5 year gov plans for what they wanted to see happen

Fundamentalism

clashes to preserve culture

Genocide

discriminating & persecuting based off a minority

Glasnost/Perestroika

Glasnost —> transparency/openness in gov, no censoring

Perestroika —>changing econ policies to make it more efficient, produce goods, & allow for more competition

Globalization

being connected to different parts of the world —> like the plane time video

Great Leap Forward

Mao wanted to throw China ahead of their competitors

Green Revolution

used GMOs to increase yield per crop

Guomindang

China’s National People’s Party, versus the Communists. US backed in containment

Holocaust

Nazis killed Jews

Indian National Congress

founded by Gandhi when he was 16, gov of India, working w/ British to be a separate nation, nonviolence protests

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

created exchange rates for currency

Iron Curtain

line around communism/SU. difference between communism and democracy

Jihad

nationalist extremism, from Islam —> translates to struggle, fight, or doing the most you can

Sykes-Picot Agreement / Mandate System

Sykes-Picot Agreement —> between Britain & France. basically split up Ottoman Empire into Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, & Palestine. known as Asia Minor Agreement. wanted for oil

Mandate System —> split up the Ottoman Empire and colonies of Germany to prevent war

De-Stalinization

after Stalin died, Kruschev did political reforms

Al-Qaeda / ISIS

terrorist group 9/11, islam, jihad

Martin Luther King Jr.

wanted to end segregate & unite America, Christian

Gandhi

influential Hindu, believed in nonviolence, created Indian National Congress, worked in South Africa

Manchukuo / Greater East Asia Prosperity Sphere

Manchukuo —> puppet state of Japan established in Manchuria in northeastern China, during Qing dynasty

Greater East Asia Prosperity Sphere —> asian bloc that the empire of Japan tried to make, to guard against western influence

Multinational Corporation

business in more than 1 country (outside of home country), globalization

Nationalism

pride for one’s country, ideas of imagined communities & belonging, cultural identities

National Organization for Women (NOW)

wanted to end sex discrimination, after Vietnam men came back to work but women wanted to keep jobs

Neoliberalism (Margaret Thatcher, Ronald Reagan)

advocated for free market, limited gov intervention, deregulation & privatization

Margaret Thatcher —> UK
Ronald Reagan —> US

New Deal

FDR between WW1 and WW2 after Great Depression, helped bring economy back up

Non-Government Organization (NGO)

what the international companies couldn’t do, these private companies could do. independent from gov

North American Free Trade Organization (NAFTA)

US, Canda, Mexico trade

Cartel / Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

a group of countries that export the most oil, founded in Iraq

Policy of Containment

contain communism to an area

Proxy War

cold war, US and SU would back up opposing sides and they would have a war

Syncretism

combining different cultures and mindsets to “synchronize”

Terrorism

attack for political aims

Theory of Relativity

Einstein, physics law. his research led to Manhattan project & development of atomic bomb

Total War

everyone is involved in the war effort

Treaty of Versailles

ended WW1, placed huge sanctions on Germany which sent them into a depression —> led to Nazis/Hitler

United Nations

to stop war & have a council of allies. try war criminals

Welfare state

provides basic needs for its people, specifically economic security

World Bank

fighting poverty, gives money to help the needy

World Trade Organization

to monitor tariffs and trades between countries. declares rules of international trade

Yalta conference

Stalin wants land & concessions for all that was lost during WWII (doesn’t trust the other 2), Big 3 meet to discuss Germany and Europe post-war. Decided to split up Germany into 4 territories. sets up the precedent for the cold war (SU communist, US capitalist)

Zionism

says Israel was the official home of Jewish refugees who were displaced after WWII

League of Nations

ending of WWI, wanted to maintain peace. US did not join because Woodrow Wilson wanted his 14 points. went really heavy w/ Germany sanctions

Amazon / eBay

globalization, shopping

Facebook / Twitter

globalization, social media

Weibo & WeChat in China

China’s version of social media, Jihad influenced by globalization

Bollywood

Indian movies

Penicillin

innovation leading to growth in population/medicine. less death