Ab normal ch 3 and 4 exam

Important decisions made on basis of that diagnoses, drugs, therapy etc

Helps psychologists predict future behavior without treatment

Helps researchers identify patterns of behaviors to improve treatments

Broad categories of disorders, specific disorders within broad categories

Abnormal behavior patterns are classified as mental disorders

A1-clinical syndromes

A2-personality disorders

A3-medical conditions → psychological

A4-financial → psychological

A5-global assessment of functioning

Set of designations used by healthcare workers to communicate diseases, abnormal findings etc

Reliable test for consistency

Validity, does the test measure what it is supposed to be measured

Expansion of diagnosable disorders

Changes in classification

Changes in diagnostic criteria for particular disorders

Process of development

Existing disorders reclassified or consolidated (Aspergers →ASD, trichotillomania→ OCD)

The clinical interview

Identify data, description of presenting problems

Psychosocial history, medical/psychiatric history, medical problems/medication

Clients may be more willing to answer questions while over the computer

Used to help diagnose an intellectual disability, measure intellectual impairment

Based on how respondents answers deviated from those attained by their age-mates

100 is true average, SD of 15

90-110 is average

below 70 below average

567 T/F statements that asses interests, habits, family, relationships etc

Assist clinicians on diagnosing dosorders

Individual scales

Content scales

1-hypochondriac

2-Depression

3-hysteria

4-anti-social personality disorder

5-Masculinity-femininity

6-Paranoia

7-psychoasthenia

8-schizophrenia

9-hypomania

10-social introversion

Response consistent with the form of the blot suggesting adequate reality testing

Perceptions of what the ink blots are showing reflect personality well

Clinicians make interpretations on the basis of the content and the form of the responses-location, form, popular or original

Focus on small details = OCD

Henry A Murray

Given cards in black and white and told to tell the clinician what is going on, what happened just before, and what’s going to happen next

One of the first neuropsychologial tests to be developed for underlying brain damage

Shown geometric shapes, asks client to reproduce shapes

Approach to clinical assessment that focuses on the objective recording and description of problem behavior

Process of observing or recording one’s own behaviors, thoughts or emotions

Clinicians can observe and quantify problem behavior

Considered the hallmark

Informal chat, clinicians adopt their own style of questioning rather than following any standard format

Interview that follows a preset series of questions in a particular order

Does not rely on client reports which may be distorted

Lack of consensus in defining problems in behavioral terms, clinicians must agree, some clients do not keep accurate records

A handheld device that combines multiple organization features, clients can easily document what is happening

Maladaptive reaction to a distressing life event or stressor that develops within 3 months of the onset of stressor

Emotional or behavioral response

Maladaptive behavior for a period of 3 days to 1 month following exposure to traumatic event

Prolonged maladaptive reaction that lasts longer than 1 month after the traumatic episode

Anxiety depression, impairment of daily life

Avoidance behaviors, reexperiencing trauma, emotional distress, heightened arousal, emotional numbing

car accident

Impressive results

Repeated exposure to cues and emotions associated with the trauma allowing extinction to occur

Prolonged exposure-intense form of exposure in which a person reexperiences the traumatic event in imagination or in real life w/o seeking to escape from anxiety

Diagnosis: PTSD

Treatment: Behavioral and cognitive therapy

Diagnosis: gender dysmorphia

Treatment: psychotherapy (4 months), hormone replacement therapy, real life experience, surgery

Diagnosis: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Treatment: Early intervention, therapy (occupational, speech), parents changed diet, full day program

Diagnosis: neurocognitive disorder

Treatment: no direct treatment, medication (cholinesterase and memantine, antidepressants), facilities, behavioral interventions