Chem Exam 1 Review

Some general principles of Dr. Trevino’s philosophy of learning

• Work with the material until you feel like you could _______ the material

• Work with the material - times

• Working with the material means __________ yourself

• schedule _________ time, eat _________, and get adequate ________

• some good snacks to eat are b________, r___ g______, w________, and b_____ b______

Tips for success in college:

• ____ yourself before quizzes and exams

• take -___ notes

• try getting an on-campus job to work __ -__ hours per week

• participate in -______ activities

Six benefits of retrieval practice:

• -_ retention of material

• Spend your learning time ____________

• Taken _________ of the material

• _________ enjoyment of ___________

• avoid __________________

• reduced test ___________

OaSISS acronym

O = __________

SISS = ______ _______ ______ _________

VALRS Acronym

V = ________

A = _______ -__________

L = __________

S = ____-

3 Assumptions of Dalton’s Atomic Theory

1. Each chemical element is composed of atoms that are __________ (atoms can neither be _______ nor ___________ during a chemical change)

2. All atoms of an element are alike in ____ and other properties, but the atoms of one element are __________ from atoms of another element

3. In a compound, the different elements combine in a simple _________ _______

Draw the Cathode Ray Tube

Draw the diagram of the experiment that showed that electrons are negatively charged

How the cathode ray tube challenged Dalton’s atomic theory:

Dalton’s theory says atoms are __________ but the cathode ray tube shows that atoms can be _________ down

Draw Thompson’s model of the atom (plum pudding)

Describe Thompson’s model of the atom:

An atom contains a _______ cloud of ________ charge with __________ charged ___________ floating in that cloud

Draw Rutherford’s experiment

Rutherford’s 3 Observations and Explanations

• The ________ of alpha particles _________ the foil _________ (explanation: the atom is made up of mostly ________ space)

• Some alpha particles were _____ or _________ deflected (explanation: since alpha particles are __________ charged, the deflections are caused when the alpha particles pass near (and are _______ by) a ____________ charged nucleus)

• A few particles ________ back (explanation: since alpha particles are ___________, the nucleus must be _______ in order to cause some alpha particles to be deflected backwards; therefore the nucleus might contain _________ as well as protons)

Draw Rutherford’s model of the atom

Describe Rutherford’s model:

An atom contains a _____ nucleus that contains __________ charged _______ and _______ neutrons. The _________ charged __________ orbit the ________ but far away so that the atom is mostly _______ space

Define chemistry

Draw the diagram that represents the importance of chemistry

Define physical change

What is an example of a physical change?

Draw the Figure 1.16 Diagram about physical change

Define chemical change

What is an example of a chemical change?

Draw the Figure 1.16 diagram of a chemical change

Draw the atom vs molecule diagram

Common SI prefixes

giga () = 10^

mega () = 10^

kilo () = 10^

deci () = 10^

centi () = 10^

milli () = 10^

micro (mu) = 10^__

nano () = 10^

pico () = 10^`

the value of absolute zero is __K or _______C

The relationship between sig figs and the certainty of measurement

measurements with fewer sig figs have _____ uncertainty and vice versa

Example: a measurement of 1.5cm has _____ uncertainty than a measurement of 1.52cm or even a measurement of 1.50cm

atomic notation description

Draw the atomic notation example

Define isotope

Draw the isotope example

How the discovery of isotopes conflicted with Dalton’s atomic theory

The discovery of isotopes challenges Dalton’s theory because it proves not all atoms of a particular element are exactly the ____

Define ion

if an atom gains electrons, it becomes a ____________ charged ion and vice versa

Define atomic weight

elements with similar properties are placed in columns called ________

ex. elements in ____ 17 or 7A are good ____-formers

horizontal rows of the periodic table are called

draw the entry in a periodic table diagram

Draw the location of metals, transition metals, nonmetals, halogens, and noble gases on the periodic table

_____________ ions are composed of 1 atom (ex. ____)

_____________ ions are composed of 2 or more atoms (ex. ____)

define mole

Name the 3 types of particles

• a______ (ex. __)

• m________ (ex. _____)

• f_______ u___ (ex. _____)

the term _______ _____ is used for salts which usually contain metal and nonmetal atoms

___________ are compounds composed of two or more nonmetal atoms

define molar mass

molar mass is also known as m_________ weight or f________ weight