Advertising

Members of trade channels include:

1. not-for-profit businesses

2. retailers

3. household consumers

4. government officials

_______is the process of creating a perceived distinction between an organization’s brand and a competitor’s brand.

1. Differentiation

2. Market analysis

3. Co-op advertising

4. Market segmentation

In today’s world, what three elements do marketers want to build and maintain through their promotional and advertising efforts?

1. Awareness, identity, and preference

2. Attention, curiosity, and response

3. Demand, value, and interaction

4. Information, message, and communication

When national companies and local merchants share advertising expenses, they are taking part in_____.

1. brand extensions

2. international advertising

3. cooperative advertising

4. trade channeling

Which of the following is true of integrated brand promotion (IBP)?

1. it is a simple process

2. it uses promotional tools that do not need to be evaluated

3. it prevents the exposure of a brand

4. it creates synergy by having a consistent image or message

Which of the following is true regarding advertising?

1. Advertising is external to the social interaction process

2. Advertising is solely responsible for the increase of product sales

3. Advertising must consider audience categories, such as household consumers or members of business organizations, for its IBP communications

4. Advertising is a simple communication process

Public service announcements (PSAs):

1. are a type of advertising that are run by nonprofit organizations

2. are commercial the way that ads are

3. attempt only to persuade and not to inform

4. are not necessarily “paid media” like advertisements are

There is a production source, a message, encoding, and decoding in a model of ____.

1. mass-mediated communication

2. cooperative advertising

3. a focus group

4. a sponsorship

Firms are developing opportunities in ___ through communication via devices like smart phones, tablets, and wearables.

1. broadcast media

2. mobile marketing, digital marketing, and social media marketing

3. personal selling

4. print media

Integrated brand promotion (IBP) is:

1. the collaboration of two or more brands within a single advertisement with the intent of sharing costs

2. the coordination of a number of promotional tools to create widespread brand exposure

3. a company’s decision to focus on a wide range of traditional advertising forms to replace nontraditional forms

4. a unique concept seen mainly in local advertising campaigns

Which of the following is one of the four areas of responsibility in the marketing mix?

1. Privacy

2. Permissions

3. People

4. Promotions

____attempts to develop brand awareness and preference over time, as well as emphasize the benefits of using that brand.

1. Co-op advertising

2. Direct response advertising

3. Sales promotion

4. Delayed response advertising

The mixing of various promotional tools with a branding perspective is known as _____.

1. integrated brand promotion

2. a marketing mix

3. cooperative advertising

4. market segmentation

____ is a type of advertising that communicates the specific features, values, and benefits of a product offered by a particular company.

1. Advocacy advertising

2. Corporate advertising

3. Brand advertising

4. Institutional advertising

Effective internal positioning is accomplished by:

1. distributing products to a market that is wider than those of one’s competitors

2. using advertising to compare a product’s distinctions form those of one’s rival firms

3. developing brand features and values that are distinctive from the competition

4. developing vastly different products within the firm’s product line

Two components of the mass-mediated communication model are:

1. primary demand and selective demand

2. advertiser and consumer.

3. internal position and external position.

4. production and reception.

Which of the following is considered as a member of a trade channel?

1. Wholesalers

2. Household consumers

3. Government employees

4. Philanthropic groups

A compensation system that adds a percentage amount to a variety of services the agency purchases from outside suppliers is known as a ____.

1. markup charge

2. fee system

3. pay-for-results compensation

4. commission system

___are specialists that design and then operate contests, sweepstakes, special displays, or coupon campaigns for advertisers.

1. Creative boutiques

2. Sales promotion agencies

3. Database agencies

4. Fulfillment centers

Which of the following best describes digital agencies?

1. They focus on ways to use digital solutions for direct marketing and target market communications and social media

2. They implement direct response campaigns using all forms of media

3. They design direct marketing campaigns that mainly use emails and telemarketing

4. They specialize in buying media time and space and offer media strategies to advertisement agencies

___help firms in creating the visual impression of its advertising material.

1. Sales promotion agencies

2. Fulfillment centers

3. Designers

4. Bloggers

____is used by organizations to get consumers committed to brands in a way that passive advertising cannot.

1. Co-op advertising

2. Phishing

3. Crowdsourcing

4. Broadcasting

Which of the following services occur within an ad agency?

1. Administrative services

2. Creative services

3. Account services

4. Production services

Which of the following services of an advertising agency involves expressing the benefits of a company’s brand in interesting and memorable ways?

1. Creative services

2. Billing services

3. Administrative services

4. Media buying services

Websites frequented by individuals with common interests where they can post facts, opinions, and personal experiences are known as ___.

1. paywalls

2. blogs

3. infomercials

4. creative boutiques

____is a high-speed technology that allows consumers to customize their programming and target very specific audiences.

1. Transit

2. Crowdsourcing

3. Broadband

4. Cable

The___ services department of an advertising agency typically includes the company’s art directors, illustrators, and copywriters.

1. creative

2. media buying

3. marketing

4. administrative

A(n)___ coordinates the research effort of an advertisement agency.

1. graphic designer

2. media specialist

3. account planner

4. fulfillment center

Which of the following best describes a media conglomerate?

1. It is a firm that operates multiple media combinations

2. It is a firm that is a specialist in one particular form of media

3. It is a firm that specializes solely in buying media time and space

4. It is a firm that uses print media instead of broadcast media

The graphic mark that identifies a company is known as a(n)___.

1. patent

2. blog

3. logo

4. slogan

Advertisers and their agencies rely primarily on external facilitators for:

1. consumer research

2. media buying

3. assessing the effectiveness of promotional programs

4. production processes

A ____ is a general description for all organization in the marketing channel of distribution that buy products to make them available to customers.

1. sponsor

2. media buyer

3. media specialist

4. trade reseller

A(n) ___ is often known as the advertising department in a firm.

1. creative boutique

2. full-service agency

3. interactive agency

4. in-house agency

____are experts in finding locations, securing dates, and putting together a team of people to pull off a promotional activity.

1. Event- planning agencies

2. Creative boutiques

3. Fulfillment centers

4. Direct marketing agencies

In which of the following areas is the federal government’s spending on advertising and promotion concentrated?

1. The internal revenue service

2. Political campaigns

3. Armed forces recruitment

4. Trade and commerce

Advertisers are also known as ____ by their advertising and promotion agency partners.

1. consultants

2. facilitators

3. sponsors

4. clients

_____ provide the physical facilities, including sets, stage equipment, and crews needed for broadcasting.

1. Production houses

2. Creative boutiques

3. Fulfillment centers

4. Interactive agencies

____is an advertising technique whereby a manufacturer and wholesaler share the expense of advertising.

1. Differentiation

2. Subliminal advertising

3. Market segmentation

4. Vertical cooperative advertising

___are moral standards and principles against which behavior is judged.

1. Ethics

2. Appropriations

3. Sects

4. Dailies

What concept is involved when a statement that occurs in print is untrue and damages the reputation of a person, based on words found in magazine, newspaper, direct mail, or Internet reports?

1. Libel

2. Slander

3. Larceny

4. Appropriation

Marketers have to be particularly cautious about using___ without legal protection, as fraud abounds.

1. coupons

2. billboards

3. premiums

4. trade allowances

The __ is dedicated to one dedicated idea—“unleashing the world-changing power of consumers.”

1. Consumer Finance Protection Agency

2. Consumer Federation of America

3. Consumers Union

4. Consumer Review Unit

The ___ outlines the responsibilities and social impact of advertising and promotes high ethical standards of honestly and decency.

1. Advertising Substantiation Program

2. American Association of Advertising Agencies’ Creative Code

3. Federal Communications Commission

4. Code Authority of the NAB

The ____ of the FTC was initiated in 1971 with the intention of ensuring that advertisers make supporting evidence for claims available to consumers.

1. Wheeler-Lea Amendment

2. advertising substantiation program

3. Robinson-Patman Act

4. Federal Communication Commission

Despite being registered under the Do Not Call Registry, a person can receive calls from:

1. businesses they’ve contacted in the last six months

2. charities, political groups, market research firms, and companies you do business with

3. companies that have delivered something to the person in the last 24 months

4. co-operatives and insurance firms

Which of the following best describes primary demand?

1. It is the demand for an entire range of various products

2. It is the demand for a specific brand

3. It is the demand for a specific product

4. It is the demand for an entire product category

Which nonprofit consumer organization was established in 1936 and is known for its publication of Consumer Reports?

1. Consumer Federation of America

2. Consumers Union

3. Consumer Alert

4. Commercial Alert

According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, which of the following is the highest order of all human needs?

1. Esteem needs

2. Physiological needs

3. Safety needs

4. Self-actualization needs

____ refers to unsolicited commercial messages, usually sent through e-mail.

1. Behavioral targeting

2. Spam

3. Premiums

4. Infomercials

The ____ gives broad oversight over consumer products such as credit cards, money transfers, and payday loans.

1. Monetary Exchange Regulatory Board

2. Federal Communications Commission

3. Consumer Finance Protection Agency

4. National Consumer Fiscal Agency

____ is an insidious version of spam where Web users are enticed into entering personal information on a fake website that is forged to look like it is from a bank, the IRS, or other organizations.

1. Click-Fraud

2. Appropriation

3. Geofencing

4. Phishing

Stephen Fox, a history and social observer, concludes that the history of American advertisement has been:

1. genuine and trustworthy

2. simple and smart

3. irrelevant and incoherent

4. money-mad and hedonistic

____ was established by the Better Business Bureau to evaluate ads directed at children based on guidelines that encourage sensitivity to their level of sophistication and knowledge, as well as emphasis on positive social traits such as friendship and kindness.

1. The Family Research Council

2. The Children’s Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative

3. The Children’s Advertising Review Unit

4. The Children’s Television Act

Although the courts and the FTC have been quite specific about defining many other practices, the definition of ____ has always been relatively vague.

1. unfair advertising

2. copyright infringement in advertising

3. false labelling and packaging

4. phishing in online advertising

The Fair Packaging and Labeling Act regulating advertising focuses on:

1. a way for consumers to compare the cost of household commodities and to prevent deceptive packaging

2. regulation of direct mail advertising and prohibiting lotteries

3. preventing obscenity, fraud, and the ability to deny or revoke licenses

4. direct mail

Which of the following best describes stealth sponsorship?

1. it is when corporations pay journalists to give negative opinions about their competitors in their editorials

2. it is when corporations embed hidden messages in social media advertisements to unconsciously stimulate people to want something

3. it is when journalists are paid by corporations to receive favorable treatment in their editorials

4. it is when corporations partner with ancillary firms that they deal with to receive monetary favors from them

_____ is the use of pictures or images owned by someone else without permission.

1. defamation

2. spamming

3. phishing

4. appropriation

The cost of products is lowered:

1. when there are high success rates of a product

2. by lowering the economies of scale of a product

3. when there is a high inelasticity of demand for a product

4. when there are little or no competitors with a similar product

According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs structure, ads for food or health care products can be thought of as promotions for products that address:

1. physiological needs

2. love and belonging needs

3. self-actualizing needs

4. esteem needs

What was one of the government’s earliest restrictions that targeted specific techniques and polices being used in programming and advertising designed for children?

1. The Children’s Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative

2. The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act

3. The “Cheeseburger Bill”

4. The Children’s Television Act

The Cheeseburger Bill passed by the U.S. House of Representatives:

1. restricts advertisements featuring high calorie and high fat foods during children’s programming

2. prevents falsifying nutrition information for fast foods

3. bars the promotion of toys to children that tie in with fast foods, sugary drinks, and salty snacks

4. blocks people from suing food companies for their obesity

A person is most likely to have a high degree of involvement while buying:

1. laundry detergent

2. a notepad

3. paper towels

4. a car

____ memory is the kind of memory through which names, words, and concepts are retrieved from people’s minds.

1. Iconic

2. Episodic

3. Emotional

4. Semantic

The idea of involvement in the context of consumer decision-making refers to how:

1. a person will use a product or service

2. much importance accompanies the choice of a product

3. an individual’s past experience with a product makes the person more aware about it

4. the consumer first heard about a product or brand

Which of the following serves as a solution to a simple consumption problem and occurs in settings where a decision isn’t involving?

1. Extended problem solving

2. Habit

3. Conversion

4. Brand loyalty

Two bases in consumer behavior are ___.

1. psychological and social

2. formal and informal

3. predictable and non-predictable

4. accounting and real estate

The set of brands that comes to mind when a category is mentioned is referred to as _____.

1. an external search

2. conversion

3. cognitive dissonance

4. an evoked set

A person’s standing in American society is often based on social stratification, which reflects the systematic inequalities within that society regarding:

1. caste and gender

2. cultural engagement and emotional intelligence

3. wealth, power, education, and status

4. religious beliefs, morals, and values

Which of the following is stratification based on?

1. Political beliefs

2. Emotional intelligence

3. Religious beliefs

4. Income

_____ refers to when consumers change information in a positive way to favor a particular brand with which they have an emotional connection.

1. A need state

2. Cognitive dissonance

3. Predecisional distortion

4. Stratification

In the world of advertising, culture is seen as:

1. people’s rules and regulations

2. the total way of life of a people

3. a sense of morality in society

4. the spiritual beliefs of people

____ are groups of consumers who feel a commonality and a shared purpose attached to a consumer good or service.

1. Brand ambassadors

2. Trend setters

3. Trade channels

4. Brand communities

The concept of cognitive dissonance is more commonly referred to as:

1. advertising clutter

2. buyer’s remorse

3. variety seeking

4. a need state

Need recognition, information search and alternative evaluation, purchase, and postpurchase use and evaluation represent the four stages of the:

1. creation of brands

2. integrated brand promotion process

3. consumer decision-making process

4. cultural branding method

Maria decides to make herself her morning cup of juice. However, she realizes that she’s run out, which leaves her feeling discontent and wanting juice. This example relates with ____.

1. a need state

2. cognitive dissonance

3. an evoked set

4. stratification

A(n) ___ arises when a consumer’s desired state of affairs is different from one’s actual state of affairs.

1. evoked state

2. need state

3. consideration set

4. top-of-mind awareness

___ can tap into information that has accumulated in one’s memory as a result of repeated advertising exposure.

1. Involvement

2. Stratification

3. An internal search

4. A life-stage variable

Which of the following modes of consumer decision-making involves low involvement and low experience?

1. Limited problem solving

2. habit or variety seeking

3. Extended problem solving

4. Brand loyalty

Once consumers decide that they need something, what is the first step they take as they begin to think about a product purchase?

1. Use an external search process

2. Conduct an internal search for information

3. Use an alternative evaluation process

4. Determine the degree of cognitive dissonance

Which of the following is a difference between brand loyalty and a habit?

1. Habit involves low involvement, whereas brand loyalty involves high involvement

2. Brand loyalty is not based on emotional connections, whereas habit is based on emotional connections

3. Brand loyalty can be easily disrupted with skillful advertisement, whereas habit cannot be disrupted with advertisements

4. Unlike brand loyalty, habit is based a conscious commitment to find the brand each time the consumer purchases from the category

A _____ is a core idea that frames an ambition or aspiration for a brand that will be relevant to target audiences over time.

1. brand extension

2. brand orientation

3. brand initial

4. brand platform

____ is a term that advertisers created in the mid-1960s to refer to a form of research that emphasizes the understanding of consumers’ activities, interests, and opinions.

1. Demographics

2. Geodemographics

3. Psychographics

4. Micrographics

The top of the strategic planning triangle is ____, as it relates to customers.

1. specification of the brand’s history

2. identification and specification of the target segment

3. identification of the various headlines that may be deployed as part of the campaigns

4. specification of ideas

A major criterion to consider during segment selection is the _____, or the companies that are vying for that segment’s business.

1. ad clutter

2. business market

3. competitive field

4. niche market

What does “T” stand for in the term STP marketing?

1. Tangible

2. Technology

3. Target

4. Territory

A characteristic that ____ share is that their brand preferences are still under development.

1. variety seekers

2. brand-freaks

3. heavy users

4. emergent consumers

In STP marketing, the term____ refers to an attempt to give a brand a certain meaning relative to its competitors.

1. segmentation

2. redistribution

3. positioning

4. targeting

(Scenario 6-1) According to the information provided here, Gillette has identified market segments along lines.

1. benefit

2. demographic

3. geographic

4. usage pattern

Which system has identified many market segments based on zip codes and the personal characteristics of their residents, creating a well-known tool for geodemographic segmentation?

1. Thorson and Moore’s model

2. PRIZM

3. SIC Codes

4. VALS

What does the acronym STP mean?

1. Sales, Target, Product

2. Sell To People

3. Segmenting, Targeting, Positioning

4. Sell The Product

What is niche marketing?

1. A relatively small group of consumers within a segment that has a distinctive set of needs or seeks very specific benefits

2. A large group of heavy users who are loyal to a brand because it provides value at a relatively low price

3. A market segment that is served by many firms and is characterized by high levels of competition

4. A market segment that is characterized by high sales volumes and low prices

Climate, topography, community size, and national region have been found to make dramatic differences in consumption, including habits involving eating and food preparation, entertainment, and recreation. This is the basis of ____ segmentation.

1. psychographic

2. commitment-level-based

3. geographic

4. demographic

Effective positioning strategies should be linked to the ____ offered by the brand.

1. history

2. substantive benefits

3. sale

4. drama

(Scenario 63) The information provided says that Keds was trying to “turn around a long-term slide” in its shoe business, and that “for years, it has depended on its image as the women’s no-frills summer shoe.” Obviously, things had changed and what Keds needed was a change in its once-successful strategy and identity to meet new market conditions. This change in strategy is called:

1. internal consistency

2. self-expressive marketing

3. repositioning

4. business-to-business marketing

Scenario 6-5

Madison State University has a reputation for having a powerful intercollegiate coed bowling team. Seating in the campus bowling alley only allows for 400 fans to attend their matches. Long lines for seats have formed in the past, with many fans leaving disappointed because they could not get a ticket. As a result, the school’s administrators decided to institute a “priority seating” plan in which fans would be given access to advance tickets based on the following schedule:

• ”Lanemaster Club” $10,000 annual donation to the bowling program guaranteed free box seats to any match (100 seats total)

• “Strike Club” $1,000 annual donation to the bowling program guaranteed free bleacher seats to any match (100 seats total)

• “Kingpin Club” participates in local recreation bowling leagues guaranteed bleacher seats for $10.00 to any match (100 seats total)

• “Alleycat Club” students who have maintained a 3.9 GPA or better guaranteed bleacher seats for $1.00 to any match (100 seats total)

Based on the planned schedule described here, students who have maintained a 3.9 GPA would be described as one of the bowling team’s:

1. nonuser groups

2. positioning strategies

3. target segments

4. diverse markets

Location is most related to ____ segmentation.

1. geographic

2. psychographic

3. competitive

4. demographic

(Scenario 6-4) A small group of customers have mentioned that they would like to browse through several varieties of cactus, so the Garretts have decided to devote a small corner exclusively to rare cacti. These customers constitute an example of:

1. market niche

2. psychographic segmentation

3. geographic segmentation

4. demographic segmentation

For most products and services, some users will purchase much more, and more frequently, than others. These consumers are called _____.

1. lead users

2. switchers

3. emergent consumers

4. variety seekers

(Scenario 6-5)

A group of about 30 students who are roommates and friends of the team members—many are casual bowlers themselves—have attended every match for nearly three years. These students would best be described as:

1. competitive users

2. emergent consumers

3. heavy users

4. variety seekers.