APES Chapter 10 (Unit 2)

situation in which people acting individually and in their own interest use up commonly available but limited resources, creating disaster for the entire community

the cost or benefit of a good or service that is not included in the purchase price of that good or service

the maximum amount of a renewable resource that can be harvested without compromising the future availability of that resource

People should maximize resource use based on the greatest good for everyone.

A U.S. classification used to designate lands that may be used for recreation, grazing, timber harvesting, and mineral extraction.

grazing, mining, timber harvesting, and recreation (multiple-use land)

timber harvesting, grazing, and recreation (multiple-use land)

recreation and conservation (multiple-use land)

wildlife conservation, hunting, and recreation

dry, open grasslands (primarily used for cattle grazing)

land dominated by trees and other woody vegetation and sometimes used for commercial logging

involves removing all, or almost all, the trees within an area

Removes single trees or relatively small number of trees from among many in a forest

logging with an approach of maintaining all species-both plants and animals-in as close to their natural state as possible

a large area typically planted with a single rapidly growing tree species

A fire deliberately set under controlled conditions in order to reduce the accumulation of dead biomass on a forest floor

(1969) Environmental Impact Statements must be done before any project affecting federal lands can be started

outlines the scope and purpose of the project, describes the environmental context, suggests alternative approaches to the project, and analyzes the environmental impact of each alternative.

how it will address the project's environmental impact.

(1973) identifies threatened and endangered species and their habitats in the U.S., and puts their protection ahead of economic considerations

A United States federal law that regulates and permits grazing on federal public land.

a federal public land managed for the primary purpose of protecting wildlife

An area set aside with the intent of preserving a large tract of intact ecosystem or a landscape.

An area surrounding a metropolitan center, with a comparatively low population density.

areas similar to suburban areas but are not connected to any central city or densely populated area.

the creation of unurbanized areas that spread into rural areas and remove clear boundaries between the two.

The degradation of the built and social environments of the city that often accompanies and accelerates migration to the suburbs

A U.S. federal fund that pays for the construction and maintenance of roads and highways (allows people to live farther from where they work).

an increase in the supply of a good causes demand to grow

separating business and industry from residential neighborhoods to create quieter, safer communities.

Focuses on strategies that encourage the Development of sustainable, healthy communities

allows retail and high-density residential development to coexist in the same area

Development that fills in vacant lots within existing communities

place restrictions on development outside a designated area

people with an interest in a particular place or issue

Development that attempts to focus dense residential and retail development around stops for public transportation, a component of smart growth.

uncut forest; undisturbed for several hundred-thousands of years. -25%

stands of trees resulting from secondary succession - (clear-cutting, farming, fires, volcanic eruptions) - 70%

soil erosion, invasive species, habitat fragmentation, sediment pollution, and disease

Reduce destructive wildfires by allowing the harvesting of timber in National forests by logging companies. Concern; can lead to habitat loss.

reduce dead biomass, introduce more soil nutrients, invasive species control, blackened soil; more solar energy absorption, etc.