AP Hug unit 5 vocab

The cultivation or farming of aquatic species, such as fish

A theory that describes the relationships between land value, commercial location, and transportation using a bid-rent gradient

The variety of organisms living in a location

The science of altering living organisms, often through genetic manipulation to create new products for specific purposes

A type of rural settlements in whichhumans and other structures are concentrated in a specific area

The exchange of goods and ideas between the new and old world that began after Christopher Columbus landed in the Americas in 1492

An agriculture practice that focuses on producing crops and rasing animals for the market for others to purchase

A network of people, info., processes, and resources that work together to produce, handle, and distribute a commodity or product

One type of direct, consists of a community of individuals who pledge support to a farm appreciation

The sustainable use of Earth’s natural resources to meet human needs

loss of forest land

A form of land degrading that occurs when soil deteriorates to a desert like condition

Settlement where farmers are living on individual farms isolated from neighbors rather than a alongside other farmers

The deliberate effort to grow plants and rise animals, making plants and animals adopt to human demands

Cost reduction that occur when production rises

A good or service produced in the home country and sold another country

A agriculture practice with relatively few inputs and little investment in labor and capital that result in relatively low outputs

A movement that tries to provide farms and workers in periphel and semi-periphel countries with a fair price by for their products

A hearth in Southwest Asia that farms an area from the eastern Mediterranean cost

Any substance, such as manure, or a mixture of nitrates, added to soil or water to increase its productivity

The shifts from foraging for food to farming about 11,000 years ago, making the beginning of agriculture

Area where residents lack access to healthy, nutritious foods because stores selling those foods are too far away

The disruption of food intake or eating patterns because of poor access to food

A plant or animals with specific characteristics obtained through the manipulation of its genetic make up

A network of people, info., processes, and resources that work together to produce, handle, and dispute goods around the world

Movement beginning in the 1950’s and 1960’s in which scientists use knowledge of genetics to develop new high-yield trains of grain crops

Crops that produce more food per farming cycle than other wild varieties

The Indus River Valley is the region of land through which the Indus flows

An agriculture practice in which farms expend a great deal of efforts to produce as much yield as possible from an area of land

A man made system where by water is spread from its natural source over a much larger geographic range to aid in agriculture production

A settlement or group of building that is formed in a long line

A movement which aim to connect food producers and food consumers in the same geographic region

Long rectangular plots of farmland to give equal access to the river

The small scale producing of fruits

Farming techniques that rely on machines to more efficiently produce crop

Major climate type of the Koppen classification characterized by hot, dry summers and cool wet winters

Used to describe the boundaries of a parched of land

A sustainable practice that combines crop cultivation and livestock rearing on the samefarm

The deliberate cultivation of only one single crop in a large land area

The seasonal movement of livestock along routes to regions with available grazing land and water source

A way of life of peoples who do not live continually in the same place but move cyclically or periodically

Chemicals that are used to treat agriculture crops so as to kill any insects or animals that might try to damage the crop

The production of one or more usually cash crops on a large swathe of land

It occurs when humans contaminate the air, water, or land

A type of commercial farming in which the livestock is allowed to room over an established area

the distribution or arrangement of homes, farms, villages, towns, and other elements in a rural environment

the system was used by the U.S. Land Office Survey to parcel land west of the Appalacian mountains

used the increased technology from the Industrial Revolution as a means to increase farm productivity through mechanization

A type of agriculture that involves clearing a small area of land, planting crops for a few years, and then moving on to a new plot of land when the soil fertility declines

burning a portion of forest so that the soil there can be used for agricultural purposes

It occurs when soil in an arid climate has been made available for agricultural production using irrigation

consists of eleven countries that reach from eastern India to China, and is generally divided into “mainland” and “island” zones

the production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer and mostly found in less developed countries

the growth of cities outside of an urban area

the use of the earths renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in ways that ensure resource availability in the future

Building a series of steps or flat land for farming on the sides of hills or mountains

A rectangular land division scheme designed by Thomas Jefferson to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior

uniformly warm throughout the year, very humid rain forest climate, heavy precipitation

A continuously built-up urban landscape defined by building and population densities with no reference to the political boundaries of the city

It refer to the cultivation of crops and raising of livestock in urban areas, typically on a small scale

Crops transformed into something new through packaging, processing, cooling, drying or separating into component parts which enhances its value beyond that of the raw product

A predictive theory in human geography that predicts humans will use land in relation to the cost of land and the cost of transporting products to market