Leadership exam 2

what makes path-goal theory unique from other leadership approaches?

it integrates principles of motivation from expectancy theory into leadership theory

path-goal theory suggests that leaders should be equipped to help followers overcome ____.

obstacles

imagine that your supervisor give you a new project. you have informed that you have exactly one week to complete it and are handed an outline detailing what the final project should resemble. according to path-goal theory, which leader behavior is your supervisor using?

directive

ensung is doing a job that has ambiguous rules. she needs some clarity on what tasks lead to what, but she wishes to r remain in control of the overall tasks. according, to path-goal theory, what type of leadership foes ensuing need at this time?

participative

imagine your supervisor expresses concern for your well-being when they learn of a recent illness in your family. according to path-goal theory, which leader behavior is your supervisor using?

supportive (well-being)

karina sorts and files medical records all day long. she is bored. path-goal theory suggest Karina would be best motivated by ___.

supportive behaviors (Karina)

path-goal theory was developed to explain how ____.

leaders motivate followers to be satisfied and successful in their work

path- goal theory could best be described as a____ theory.

motivational

what statement best reflects the goal of path-goal theory?

to enhance overall follower performance and satisfaction

the path-goal theory approach takes the perspective of the expectancy theory of motivation, which suggests that ____.

followers are motivated to complete a task for a valuable payoff

imagine that your supervisor holds a meeting each week and invites you and the other employees to give feedback regarding current projects. according to the path-goal theory, which leader behavior is your supervisor using?

participative

a person using a supportive leadership style would most likely display which behavior?

making work as pleasant as possible for followers

challenging followers to perform work at the highest levels possible is an example of which leadership behavior?

achievement-oriented

in path-goal theory, the main components are ____.

leader behaviors, follower characteristics, task characteristics, and motivation

imagine your job a a data entry operator involves doing the same tasks all day ling, every day of the week. according to path-goal theory, what type of leadership would best help you stay focused on your job?

supportive (data)

according to path-goal theory, leaders adjust their behaviors based on ___.

followers characteristics and work settings

expectancy theory is about ____.

rewarding followers for meeting their goals

a person using a directive leadership style would most likely display which behavior?

providing performance standards and clear timeliness for tasks.

if an employee is uncertain that their efforts will pay off, then path-goal theory suggests ____.

the leader should prove that the employee’s effort will be rewarded

imagine your supervisor is happy with your work and expresses confidence in your ability to complete the project ahead of schedule and come in under budget. according to path-goal theory, which leader behavior is your supervisor using?

achievement-oriented

one of the underlying assumptions of expectancy theory is that followers will be motivated if they believe ___.

they are capable of performing their job

leaders using ideas from expectancy theory should be able to

find the right reward to motivate followers

according to the path-goal theory, who is ultimately responsible for creating a healthy and productive work place environment?

leaders

in path-goal theory, leaders chose from ___ types of leader behaviors.

four

leaders who give followers instructions about task accomplishment are using leadership behaviors.

directive

leaders who are friendly and approachable are using ___ leadership behaviors.

supportive

according to path-goal theory, as the followers s’ perception of their own ability and competence increase, the need for ___ leadership goes down>

directive

Manuel has a good sense of who he is and is confident in what he does and how he responds to situations. he wants to feel in charge of his own work and takes pride in it. according to path-goal theory, Manuel has a(n) ___.

internal locus of control

rash feels that fate and a little bit of luck have guided her career and life path. according to path-goal theory, rashmi has an __.

external locus of control

Moniques job is challenging and always changing. she has strong opinions about how things should get done and works best with rigid timelines. according to path-goal theory, Monique would benenfit from a(n) ___ leadership style.

directive

LMX theory focuses on

the dyadic relationship between the leader and follower

in LMX theory, leaders should strive to treat followers ___.

independently

LMX theory is unique because it treats leadership as a

process

The early studies of LMX identified what two vertical linkages?

In groups and out groups

An out-group member would most likely be characterized by which type of behavior?

strict adherence to role responsibilities

An in-group member would most likely be characterized by which type of behavior?

desire to go beyond prescribed roles

According to early LMX theory, in-group members ____.

Have more influence with leaders than out- groups members

Meyta takes pride in her work and regularly shares ideas with her leader and peers. She frequently takes on new job responsibilities and often seeks out extra tasks. She example of which type of membership?

In-group

In the early stages of leader-member relationship development, leaders look for followers who exhibit which behaviors?

Enthusiasm and willingness to participate

Imagine that one of your followers asks to lead the next team brainstorming session. They have never led a meeting before, but you let them do it. You and this follower are in which stage of leadership development?

Acquaintance phase

How would you describe leader-follower influence during the acquaintance phase?

Influences are mixed with followers and leaders mutually influential.

Kamala has been working at her job for over a year. Her boss recently offered her a new assignment and has scheduled weekly meetings to exchange valuable information regarding the tasks. They have been able to redefine their working relationship and find new ways of relating. Kamala and her boss are in which phase of leadership development?

mature partnership

Imagine that you have been working at your job for six months. Your boss starts offering you additional tasks with explanatory details given during weekly one-on-one meetings.
According to the LMX theory, you are in which stage of leadership development?

Acquaintance (6 months)

The prescriptive nature of LMX suggests that

leaders should create special relationships with each of their followers

Which of the following is a criticism of LMX theory?

It may discriminate against some followers or out-group members

José's manager promises a small financial incentive to the first team member to hit the company's sales projection for the fourth quarter. José works hard to earn this incentive.
Which type of leadership style is José's supervisor using?

Transformational

Transformational leadership often incorporates which types of leadership?

Visionary and charismatic

Jackson tries every day to show his leadership is consistent with the values of the organization. This instills a strong sense of community and ethics within all levels of the organization. Jackson is demonstrating _____ leadership.

Transformational (Jackson)

Transactional leadership is best described as the ___.

exchanges that occur between leaders and followers as a natural part of the job

Marquita focuses her leadership behaviors on helping followers reach their full potential as human beings. Marquita is using _ leadership.

transformational (marquita)

What is pseudotransformational leadership?

leadership that provides inspiration yet is often manipulative

According to charismatic theory, when are followers more likely to trust and demonstrate unquestioning acceptance toward charismatic leaders?

in stressful situations

What role do followers play in charismatic leadership?

Followers must validate the charismatic leader in order for them to have influence.

Charismatic theory posits that leaders should emphasize the intrinsic rewards associated with work while de-emphasizing _____.

extrinsic rewards

The model of transformational leadership asserts that transformational leaders motivate followers to do more than expected by _____.

influencing followers to put the team or organization's interests above their own

A leader who allows followers to work out solutions to problems on their own is utilizing which transformational leadership factor?

intellectual stimulation

Nelson Mandela was a leader with high moral standards who was uncompromising in his promotion of peace. He served as a role model to many people. Which transformation leadership factor best describes Mandela's leadership approach?

idealized influence

Elena is a sales manager who encourages her employees to share the vision of the organization. She uses motivational words to get followers excited about this shared vision. Elena is demonstrating which factor of transformational leadership?

inspirational motivation

Lorenz spends time with each employee listening to their needs. He gives directives to his newer employees who are just learning their job roles, whereas he delegates tasks to his more senior employees. Which transformational leadership factor is Lorenz using?

individualized consideration

Neil negotiates with his employees regarding their dress code. He tells his employees that they can wear casual clothes on Fridays as long as they meet their sales quota each week.
Which transactional leadership factor describes Neil's leadership approach

contingent reward

Anastasia is a team leader for the student ambassadors who give campus tours. She is a busy college senior and does not communicate much with the other ambassadors. When she does communicate with them, it is typically to tell the ambassadors what they have done wrong on the tours. Anastasia is exhibiting _____.

Management by exception