Unit 1 Sensation and Perception

the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation

A theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior

historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth

the science of behavior and mental processes

the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture

an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind

a school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function-how they enable us to adapt, survive and flourish

the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method

an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis

a branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and psychological processes

the study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection

a branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders

the scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning

the scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

the scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span

the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting

the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces

the study of how people and machines interact and the design of safe and easily used machines and environments

a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being

a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders

a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy

proposed that logic can be combined with empirical observations, notion of the five senses, mind as a blank slate

English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939); Said that human behavior is irrational

Father of American psychology and founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment

Russian physiologist who observed conditioned salivary responses in dogs (1849-1936)

German father of psychology who founded psychology as a formal science; opened first psychology research laboratory in 1879

American psychologist who established the first psychology research laboratory in the United States and founded the American Psychological Association

founder of behaviorism

American psychologist who championed behaviorism and studied operant conditioning

Humanist whose contributions included person-centered therapy

the scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive