Florida Civic Literacy Exam

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

abolished slavery

Allows the federal government to collect income tax

Congress begins on January 30th; President starts on January 20th

"Lame-duck" Amendment

Repeal of Prohibition

Outlines the rights and expectations for all states and citizens including the adding of new states

Citizens give up certain rights in exchange for protection from the government

14th amendment clause stating that no state may deprive a person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law

14th amendment clause that prohibits states from denying equal protection under the law, and has been used to combat discrimination

Case in which the Supreme Court first asserted the power of judicial review by finding that the congressional statute extending the Court's original jurisdiction was unconstitutional.

Ruled slaves were not citizens under the Constitution; struck down Missouri Compromise (Taney Court)

Upheld the constitutionality of the relocation of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity. Viewed by contemporary scholars as a flagrant violation of civil liberties.

Established exclusionary rule; illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court

5th Amendment self-incrimination clause requires government agents to warn suspects of their right to remain silent and/or contact an attorney before questioning them when they are in custody. Statements made without Miranda Warning are inadmissible in court (like the exclusionary rule for evidence)

The Court ruled that freedom of the press is protected, and prior restraint of the press is illegal.

U.S. Supreme Court case that determined that the First Amendment does not protect all types of student speech in school (school newspapers)

Gun Free School Zones Act exceeded Congress' authority to regulate interstate commerce.

The court ruled that manual recounts of presidential ballots in the Nov. 2000 election could not proceed because inconsistent evaluation standards in different counties violated the equal protection clause. In effect, the ruling meant Bush would win the election.

corporations have a 1st Amendment right to expressly support political candidates for Congress and the White House

Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition

No quartering of soldiers

Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures

Gives Washington DC electoral college votes as if it were a state

(1) Succession of VP if president dies or become incapable to do his job.(2) if there is no VP, president must appoint one, and congress must approve

Legislative Branch (Congress)

the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property

A doctrine that society should be governed by certain ethical principles that are part of nature and, as such, can be understood by reason.

A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments

The principle that the authority of government derives from and is limited by a body of fundamental law

Article 1; gives congress broad power to regulate interstate commerce and restricts states from impairing interstate commerce

Article 1; prohibits federal officeholders from receiving any gift, payment, or thing of value from a foreign state or its rulers, officers, or representatives

Legalized segregation in publicly owned facilities on the basis of "separate but equal."

1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated.

The Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states

Right to keep and bear arms

Abortion rights fall within the privacy implied in the 14th amendment

The Right to Remain Silent/Double Jeopardy, right to due process

The right to a Speedy Trial by jury, representation by an attorney for an accused person

Right to a trial by jury in civil cases

cruel and unusual punishment

Prohibits citizens of one state or foreign country from suing another state.

election of president and vice president (no more runner up becomes VP)

Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws

Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude

Established the direct election of senators (instead of being chosen by state legislatures)

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

women's right to vote

Limits the president to two terms.

Abolishes poll taxes

Lowered the voting age from 21 to 18

Limits the power of Congress to increase its own salaries

Executive Branch (President)

Judicial Branch (Supreme Court)

Outlines the process for amending or changing the Constitution

Supremacy Clause

Outlines the process for ratification of the Constitution

All people, including those who govern, are bound by the law

Government officials must follow certain procedures before they can deprive someone of a protected life, liberty, or property interest

the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people

First 10 amendments to the Constitution

Article 6; Federal law is supreme over state law

Article 4; state courts respect the laws and judgments of courts from other states

A clause in Article I, section 8, of the Constitution that gives Congress the power to do whatever it deems necessary and constitutional to meet its enumerated obligations; the basis for the implied powers.

Congress shall make no law abridging freedom of religion, speech, the press, peacefully assemble, or petition the government

the Supreme Court upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank using the Constitution's supremacy clause. The Court's broad interpretation of the necessary and proper clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers

Speech creating a "clear and present danger" is not protected by the First Amendment

"One man, one vote." Ordered state legislative districts to be as near equal as possible in population

Prohibited state-sponsored recitation of prayer in public schools by virtue of 1st Amendment's establishment clause and the 14th Amendment's due process clause

Ordered states to provide lawyers for those unable to afford them in criminal proceedings

Gauruntees student's first amendment rights

The Court ruled that Wisconsin could not require Amish parents to send their children to public school beyond the eighth grade because it would violate long-held religious beliefs.

The 1974 case in which the Supreme Court unanimously held that the doctrine of executive priveledge was implicit in the Constitution but could not be extended to protect documents relevant to criminal prosecutions

Held that colleges and universities may consider a person's race as one factor in admission policies; to reduce discrimination

Flag-burning is symbolic speech with a political purpose and is protected by 1st Amendment.

NO racial gerrymandering; race cannot be the sole or predominant factor in redrawing legislative boundaries; majority-minority districts.

Ruled the 2nd Amendment protects an individual's right to possess a firearm for lawful, private use