English Midterm-Thursday

Allusion

A figure of speech which makes brief, casual references to a historical or literary event, figure or object to make a comparison or bring something to mind

Allegory

The strategy of extending a metaphor through the entire narrative

Analogy

Comparison of two unrelated objects for their shared quality

Anaphora

The repetition of a word or sequence of words at the beginning of successive clauses, phrases, or sentences

Anecdote

A brief narrative of an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident typically following a theme or lesson

Antithesis

Paring exact opposites or contrasting ideas in a parallel gramatical structure

connotation

implied meaning of a word; the feeling words give off

Denotation

Objective, literal meaning of a word

Diction

a writer’s choice of words to convey a tone or affect

epistrophe

the repetition of a word at the end of a successive clause of sentence

ethos

ethical appeal; appeal to the audiences values and credibility of the speaker

hyperbole

an exaggeration of a point

imagery

use of the five senses to give details that illustrate a point

irony

when something on the surface is opposite of what is actual or to be expected

verbal irony

(specific) when a person says one thing but means the opposite

situational irony

(specific) when opposite of what is expected happens

dramatic irony

when the audience knows something that characters does not

juxtaposition

two opposite things together

logos

appeal to logic

metaphor

a figure of speech describing an object or action in a way not literally true

pathos

appeal to emotions

parallel structure

using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance

personification

describing a non-human with a human attribute

rhetorical questioning

an inquiry that ends in a question mark but is asked for effect rather than to elicit an answer

satire

the use of humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule to expose and criticize people’s stupidity or views

simile

a comparison using like or as

syntax

arrangement of words into a sentance

tone

the authors attitude towards a given subject

allusion

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

He was a modern day lewis and clark.

allegory

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

a short story written about fighting animals reflecting the crusades

analogy

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

Similar to a doormat, people wiped their feet all over him

anaphora

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

we ate bread; we love chickens; we will go on a walk in the afternoon

Anecdote

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

A story about the author going to the park in an article about the importance of parks

antithesis

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

the car was crammed; the truck was spacious

connotation

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

“Yeah your book was…okay” okay-it was awful

denotation

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

“yeah your book was…okay” okay-it was neither good nor bad

diction

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

“Society sets us up for a torturous life of robots” the authors use of the word torturous (not tone)

epistrophe

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

I love bread; everyday I want bread; I would die for a good piece of bread

Hyperbole

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

He is the worst person in the world!

imagery

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

The room was lit by the singular oven light pouring scents of chocolate chip cookies through the cold air.

verbal irony

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

“I never make any mistakes”

(specific)

situational irony

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

A tow truck broke down

(specific)

Dramatic Irony

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

As his girlfriend cheated on him, he walked to her apartment with the engagement ring. He had no clue.

(specific)

Juxtaposition

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

the kind girl stood next to the mean bully

metaphor

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

violence is a stain on humanity

parallel structure

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

they had no time to be free, to be alive

personification

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

The moon sang into the night

rhetorical questioning

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

“In what world is it a good idea to fill water balloons with acid?”

satire

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

The world would be a better place if we gave rich people even more money. (not irony)

simile

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

He was as annoying as a pop quiz.

syntax

This is an example of what rhetorical device?

He ran. (the authors choice in length)

Audience

rhetorical situation- who is the intended reader or listener of the piece? What are their values and shared features?

Speaker

rhetorical situation-the author of the piece

purpose

rhetorical situation-why was it written? what is the author’s goal?

context

rhetorical situation-time? place? era? what was going on in the world when spoken of?

exigence

rhetorical situation-why now? specific reason the author felt the need to produce the piece

message

rhetorical situation-what is the text about?

-to establish or develop validity

-to appeal to the audience

-to establish/increase credibility

-to provide examples

-to amplify a point

-to set a mood

the six uses of evidence

to establish or develop validity

use of evidence-to back up claims with logical reasons

99% of people have used a vacuum-therefore vacuums are a commonly used item

to appeal to the audence

use of evidence-values or shared experiences

some vacuums are made in the USA and will help patriotic strong working Americans

to establish/increase credibility

use of evidence-prove credibility and trustworthiness

I studied vacuums at Harvard

to provide examples/illustrations

use of evidence-specific details, descriptions, illustrate a hypothesis

After your newly born child spills cheetos all over the floor before your boss comes over you can use the vacuum to pick up every crumb from the floor

to amplify a point

uses of evidence-emphasize or expand upon a previous point/example or claim

vacuums are so so awesome and cool and necessary

to set a mood

uses of evidence-to create an emotional atmosphere, a feeling

little susy’s last wish before dying was to own a vacuum

narration

method of development- using an I point of view story like an anecdote

description

method of development- using vivid imagery and specific details

definition

method of development- redefining, clarifying, giving a meaning to something

compare and contrast

method of development- counterarguments, juxtaposition, two difference objects/ideas against eachother

cause and effect

method of development- if/then, this is happening because of this, BECAUSE

problem and solution

method of development- if/then/therefore we should, what to do, how would the proposal fix things