AP Stat U1 Review Terms

observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes

observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined

uses random assignment to assign experimental units to treatments

a study based on observation, where no treatments are imposed, can be either prospective or retrospective

assigning experimental units to treatment groups at random

control, randomization, replication, and blocking (optional)

when the response is so different between the treatment groups that it was unlikely to have occurred by chance

in a poorly designed experiment, confounding occurs when it is impossible to separate out the effects of two or more factors

the data the experimenter keeps track of to compare across treatment groups

the specific values that the experimenter chooses for the factor

an experimental design where all experimental units are assigned at random to treatments.

when either the subjects or the evaluator doesn't know what treatments they received

a fake drug used in the testing of medication; a tool for blinding

an experimental design used to make the treatment groups as similar as possible. first, subjects are grouped by some common characteristic, then randomly assigned to the treatment groups

an experimental design where each subject or pair gets both treatments (with the order of treatments being randomized)