Studied by 13 peopleprotecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves
In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with
The Union victory in the Civil War led to the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment.
Which of the following factors contributed most directly to the end of slavery in the United States?
The right for people to own slaves
Members of the American (Know-Nothing) Party of the 1850s typically supported
the growing power of poor Southern Whites who resisted planter dominance and sought to abolish slavery
Historians have argued that all of the following were causes of the Civil War EXCEPT
forestalled the possibility of European intervention
The Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, is considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War because it
passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act
The most controversial and divisive component of the Compromise of 1850 was the
Possession of California and most of the Southwest
The United States gained which of the following from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848?
The Mexican-American War incorporated extensive new lands into the United States
Which of the following factors best explains the territorial expansion of slavery in the middle of the nineteenth century?
experienced increasing tension over the issue of slavery
A significant result of the Mexican-American War of 1846–1848 was that the United States
The Spanish developed a race-based caste system that defined the status of Europeans, Native Americans, Africans, and people of mixed race in their colonies
The encomienda and slavery systems both contributed to which of the following developments?
decline of indentured labor decline in immigration
By the late 1600s, slavery in North America became institutionalized in part because of the
spread of corn cultivation
Before 1492, many American Indian cultures were strongly influenced by the
A model community promoting government by strict religious principles
New England Puritans sought primarily to create which of the following in Massachusetts?
It enabled poor people to seek opportunity in America.
The system of indentured labor used during the Colonial period had which of the following effects?
mercantilism
The Navigation Acts were part of the British policy known as
Relations with American Indians and restrictions on the fur trade
Bacon’s Rebellion occurred because of disagreements between frontier settlers and the Virginia governor over which of the following issues?
the low price and easy availability of land
In the eighteenth century, British colonists wishing to settle west of the Appalachians were principally motivated by
imposition of new taxes on the British North American colonies
A major consequence of the French and Indian War of 1754–1763 was the
The belief that God had created the world but allowed it to operate through the laws of nature
Which of the following best describes Deism?
British efforts to protect the East India Company from bankruptcy
The Sons of Liberty initiated the Boston Tea Party in direct response to
call for the abolition of the slave trade
The Declaration of Independence did all of the following EXCEPT
the people
By the time of the American Revolution, most patriots had come to believe that, in republican government, sovereignty was located in
wanted to weaken the British empire
France decided to aid the North American colonies in their war for independence primarily because France
\n provide for statehood for western territories
The government of the Articles of Confederation was successful in resolving the problem of how to
debt-ridden farmers attacked courts in western Massachusetts
Shays’ Rebellion frightened many Americans when
a very weak government
The government under the Articles of Confederation consisted of
\n to make sure the constitution was ratified
The Federalist papers were written in order to
weaken and deflect Republican criticism of the Federalists
The Alien and Sedition Acts were designed to
acquire a port to provide for trading purposes
Jefferson’s purchase of Louisiana had its origins in his desire to
protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves
In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with
The Mexican-American War incorporated extensive new lands into the United States.
Which of the following factors best explains the territorial expansion of slavery in the middle of the nineteenth century?
Asserted American independent in the realm of foreign policy.
The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following?
experienced increasing tension over the issue of slavery
A significant result of the Mexican-American War of 1846–1848 was that the United States
prevent France from recapturing the Louisiana Territory
The United States went to war in 1812 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to
the United States Supreme Court
In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from
Forcing five different Native American tribes to go to land in the Great Plains
What was the outcome of the Indian Removal Act?
It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820’s and early 1830’s.
Which of the following best describes the policy of the government of Mexico toward Texas?
\n Possession of California and most of the Southwest
The United States gained which of the following from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848?
passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act
The most controversial and divisive component of the Compromise of 1850 was the
forestalled the possibility of European intervention
The Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, is considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War because it
the growing power of poor Southern Whites who resisted planter dominance and sought to abolish slavery
Historians have argued that all of the following were causes of the Civil War EXCEPT
Madison
father of the constitution
Washington
father of the nation
Jefferson
father of declaration of independence
Jackson
father of democratic party
Polk
won war against mexico 1848
taylor
captured mexico city later president
Paris
treaty ends american revolution
ghent
treaty ends 1812 war
adams onis
treaty brings in florida
william henry harrison
first whig president
william harrison
won tippecanoe and thames battles in 1812 war
Baltimore ft mchenry, new orleans
US wins in war of 1812
conn. compromise, great compromise
constitutional compromise that gave us our bicameral legislature
3/5 compromise
constitutional compromise that gave counting slaves as less than a person
tertiary
Before European arrival, Native American settlement patterns were NOT....
sugar islands
In what agricultural industry/geographic area did the Spanish and Portuguese use African slaves?
Land bridge from Eurasia to North America
How did the first Americans get to the North American continent?
interdependent economic system
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Disease, Indian Raids, starvation (all of the above
What challenges did Jamestown face in their early years?
Christians
Who did Maryland's Act of Toleration (1649) apply to?
self government
What was the purpose of the Mayflower Compact?
God’s law
What did Puritans believe the purpose of government was?
Individualist and Indepent
\n Describe the origins and reputation of the Rhode Island colony:
white servants
Where did Chesapeake colonies acquire most of the labor they needed in the 1600s?
planters began to use slaves over indentured servants
What were the results of Bacon’s Rebellion?
evil spirits within people
What social/religious changes in Massachusetts caused the Salem witchcraft trials?
cattle and grain
What was the economic basis of the Northern Colonies?
emotion and fear to scare them
What tactics did Great Awakening/ New Light preachers use?
rice and indigo
What was the economic basis of the Southern Colonies?
control of the ohio river valley
What did Britain and France clash over (1754-1800)?
Prohibited colonial settlement west of Appalachian mountains
What is the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?
pay for the military
Why did the British Parliament pass the Stamp Act?
explain to the rest of the world why they revolted
What was the purpose(s) of the Declaration of Independence?
Consent of the Governed
How did Thomas Paine believe that all government officials should gain their authority?
Could not enforce taxes
What was the greatest weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
Showed the need for a strong central government
What was the impact of Shays Rebellion?
France
Who was America’s first alliance with?
A republican form of government is possible
What did The Federalist Papers argue?
based on population
How did the Virginia Plan determine representation in the House and Senate?
decrease foreign trade
Which was NOT a feature of Hamilton's economic program?
Warned against lasting political alliances
What did Washington discuss in his Farewell Address in 1796?
William Seward
Secretary of State who was responsible for purchasing Alaskan Territory from Russia. By purchasing Alaska, he expanded the territory of the country at a reasonable price.
frontier thesis
The argument by Frederick Jackson Turner that the frontier experience helped make American society more democratic; emphasized cheap, unsettled land and the absence of a landed aristocracy.
Chief Joseph
Leader of Nez Perce. Fled with his tribe to Canada instead of reservations. However, US troops came and fought and brought them back down to reservations
Transcontinental Railroad
Railroad connecting the west and east coasts of the continental US
New south
Optimistic phrase white Southerners used to describe the post-Reconstruction South, reflecting the South's development of a new system of race relations based on segregation and white supremacy and pointing to a profound economic transformation that swept across the region.
compromise 1877
Resolution of the disputed presidential election that handed victory to Republican Hayes over Democrat Tilden. Democrats agreed to the deal in exchange for patronage and the removal of federal troops from the south.
Mississippi Plan (1875)
Campaign of violence and intimidation waged by armed groups of whites closely allied with the Democratic Party that drove Republicans from power in the state elections of 1874. Copied by other Southern states.
reconstruction amendements
13th: abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, 14th: provided citizenship and equal protection under the law to freedmen, 15th: prohibits each government in the United States to prevent a citizen from voting based on their race
Civil rights act 1866
Passed by Congress on 9th April 1866 over the veto of President Andrew Johnson. The act declared that all persons born in the United States were now citizens, without regard to race, color, or previous condition.
Wade-Davis Bill (1864)
Radical Republican plan for Reconstruction that required 50% of a state's 1860 voters to take an "iron clad" oath of allegiance and a state constitutional convention before the election of state officials; pocket-vetoed by Lincoln.
Freedmen's Bureau
Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks after the Civil War
10% Plan/Presidential Reconstruction
Lincoln made this and it said when 10% of the the voters of a Confederate State pledged allegiance to the Union, that state would be readmitted into the US
Sherman’s march to the sea
The 285-mile "scorched earth" campaign of General William T. Sherman across Georgia in late 1864 and early 1865. Sherman's soldiers seized or destroyed $100 million in goods, hurting Southern morale and depriving the Confederate army of supplies.
Copperheads
A group of northern Democrats who opposed abolition and sympathized with the South during the Civil War
Border states
States bordering the North: Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri. They were slave states, but did not secede.
special field order 15
Order by General William T. Sherman in January 1865 to set aside abandoned land along the southern Atlantic coast for forty-acre grants to freedmen; rescinded by President Andrew Johnson later that year.
Gettysburg address(1863)
Abraham Lincoln's oft-quoted speech, delivered at the dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield. In the address, Lincoln framed the war as a means to uphold the values of liberty.
Draft Riots
Conscription Act in 1863 forced men between 20-45 years old to be eligible for conscription but one could avoid it if they paid 300 or got someone in their place; provoked anger from poor workers
Note
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