CPR and First Aid Study Guide

clearly and rationally identifying the connection between information and action

repeat instructions when directed to perform a task

to communicate to the care team the paitents status and care previously provided

Technique used in a pregnant patient to move the gravid uterus ip and toward the left to relieve pressure on the inferior vena cava and maximize the return of blood to the heart and cardiac output

Return of Spontaneous Circulation- when pulses return to a patient who has been in cardiac arrest

upper right chest and lower left chest

middle of chest and center of the back between shoulder blades

Yes if 8 and older, younger need ped pads

Yes, if PED pads are not available

Turn the AED on.

Follow the prompts you see and hear.

remove from water, no puddles around, remove wet clothing, dry victims chest, look for implanted devices, remove chest hair, pads not touching metal

Turn it on and listen to prompts it tells you to do

1 month to 1 year

1 to the onset of puberty

13 and older

may be administered for overdosed patients every 2-3 minutes as needed

Abdominal thrusts: 5

Back blows: 5

5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts

5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts

pack socket with gauze, don't touch root, store tooth in saliva, cold milk, hanks solution, and water if nothing else

Have the victim sit leading head forward

have them pinch the top of there nostrils for about 5 to 10 minutes to stop the bleeding

you may apply the ice pack to help with the pain, if there is any

After the bleeding stop, DO NOT have the victim rub blow or pick there noise this can stop the clotting and cause the noise to bleed again

***If the victim loses consciousness, place the victim on there side to allow the blood to drain form the noise and summon EMS immedialty

call 911 and give cpr abdominal thrusts

lower them to the ground and begin CPR starting with chest compressions. then start rescue breaths. remove object in mouth if you see one.

temporary survival

death from suffocation due to submersion

activate EMS, remove from water, ABC's watch for injuries to head, neck, spine.

activate EMS, place on left side to aid in drainage, provide life support, monitor vitals, and ABC's.

"the squeeze" ascent or descent. Air pressure inside cavities is too great and it ruptures

"the bends" diver ascents too quickly. nitrogen bubbles enter blood and tissues

breath holding during decent. rapid onset, alveoli burst. make it difficult to carry blood and oxygen to the body

helps prevent death after prolonged, submersion in icy water.

Victim is resuscitated but dies from aspiration pneumonia

don't aspirate water

aspirate water (water in lungs)

o Direct pressure- apply clean material to wound and cover completely. Press firmly w/ constant pressure. Don't remove layers, apply them.

o Elevation- elevate above heart.

o Indirect pressure- pressure points

o Devices used to control bleeding- air splint, pressure bandage, BP cuff, tourniquet.

arteries, veins, capillaries

spurting, bright red blood

steady flow of dark red blood

oozing and dark red

a solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues; bruise

suffers from a disease that causes uncontrolled bleeding. wont clot naturally

shock, pale cool skin, cough or vomiting blood, affected area will be tender or swollen or rigid, bruising

control severe bleeding

2 hands in center of chest

2 hands in center of chest

two fingers on center of the chest

at least 2 inches

about 2 inches

about 1 1/2 inches

100-120

100-120

100-120

30:2

30:2

30:2

30:2

15:2

15:2

depth, rate, consistency

not enough depth, head tilt not right, not giving rescue breaths

only when signs of life are shown, AED is ready to use, someone else takes over, too tired to continue, if the person is breathing on their own

rescuers will no longer perform cpr cycles

Check, Call, Care

Check the scene, is it safe, what happened, how many victims, can bystanders help.

Call 911 and explain details, what care has been given, condition of victim, condition of scene, location of scene

Care for the victim

airway, breathing, circulation

a- check for blockages

b- look (for chest rising) listen (for breaths) feel (breath coming out of nose or mouth)

c- check pulse

use senses to check for hazards (i.e. gas leak, fire, explosion), determining what caused the injury or illness, determining # of victims, determining what additional help might be needed, put on appropriate PPE

· A severe response to an allergen in which the symptoms develop quickly, and without help, the patient can die within a few minutes (medical emergency)

S/s- itching, burning skin, flushed skin, cyanosis of lips, hives, swelling, weak pulse, low BP

· Place 2-3 inches above the wound.

Write time of application on pt. or tourniquet

severe bleeding

10 seconds

after 5 cycles ot 2 min of CPR

5 cycles

taping on shoulder, asking if they are okay, look for movement, agonal breathing

Head tilt/ chin lift

· 2-3 tips of fingers under lower jaw/chin

· Other hand on victim's forehead

· Lift and tilt head back

· Open mouth w/ thumb

Jaw- thrust maneuver.

· Hands on sides of victim's head

· Grasp jawbone making E w/ 3rd, 4th, and 5th finger.

· Move haw forward and upward.

· Do not tilt head or head.

look for unusual noises, sights, odors, appearances and behaviors

example: screams, breaking glass, crashing metal

legal accountability for performance of duties to others

a breach of the health care provider's obligation to follow the appropriate standard of care, which results in hard to the patients.

defense against negligence. Did you do what a similar person would do w/ the same background and training.

an obligation to provide care to a patient. once you begin you must continue.

· Hypertension, GI problems, skin easier to damage and heals slower, less ability to fight disease, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis.

· Lack ability to describe pain.

· Don't like strangers.

· Lack body awareness to locate pain.

Lack vocabulary

determine presence of any life- threatening emergencies. Initial assessment of airway, breathing, and circulation. Vital signs.

a head to toe physical assessment. Done after life threatening injuries are controlled

· To provide oxygenated blood to the brain and vital organs.

Circulate blood

Only the epidermis (red, painful, and edema)

epidermis and part of dermis (blistered and some thickening)

· widespread thickness and leather. Appearance; destroys epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.

Cool burn, remove rings or tight items, do NOT break blisters, apply lotion, bandage burn, take pain reliever

· heart isn't getting oxygen it needs, myocardial infarction.

· Care- 911, CPR if not breathing, place person into comfortable position (usually sitting), give aspirin if possible.

when L ventricle can no longer pump blood effectively to body.

· fluid builds up behind L side of the heart and causes pressure to increase the pulmonary capillaries. Causes fluid to leak into lungs.

Pain in the chest occurring when blood supply to the heart is reduced and a portion of it isn't receiving enough oxygen

· ingestion, inhalation, or injection of acids or alkaline.

· Care- EMS, flush w/ water for 30-60 minutes, use only warm water.

o Specifics about chemical burns to the eye- pour water from the inside corner to outside corner; remove contacts.

· contact w/ faulty electrical wiring, electrical cords, or high voltage power lines.

Care- protect yourself and unplug electrocution source, activate EMS, monitor ABCs and vital signs

air in the chest cavity, not lungs

chest wound allow air into chest cavity (sucking chest wound)

air leaks out of lung into chest cavity and collapses lung

blood in the chest cavity

chest wall becomes unstable and free floating

internal organs protrudes through abdominal wall

internal organs protrude out (open injury)

cause is unknown; little to no ability to produce insulin. Juvenile onset requires insulin.

· doesn't produce or respond to insulin. Controlled by diet, exercise, and meds.