RS - Y10 Exam Revision

Shahadah, Salah, Zakah, Sawn, Hajj

• The most important duties of a Shia Muslim: Salah, Zakah, Khums, Sawm, Hajj, Jihad, Amr bil-maruf, Nahi anil munkar, Tawalla & Tabarra

• Additions to Shia Islam:

• Amr bil-maruf = encouraging good actions

• Nahi anil munkar = discouraging evil actions

• Tawalla = association with good people (Eg. those who follow the ahl al-bayt (relatives of Prophet Muhammad)

• Tabarra = dissociation with enemies of Allah

• The first pillar = declaration of faith. Recited into the ears of a new born, repeated throughout life & at their burial.

"There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the Prophet of Allah." (+Shi'a Muslims : "And Ali is the friend of God.")

• The second pillar - daily prayers at 5 set times a day. Wudu (ritual washing) is done before prayer

• The third pillar - purification of wealth by giving 2.5% of wealth each year to poor. Muslims must meet the Nisab (minimum threshold of wealth) to partake.

• The fourth pillar - fasting during Ramadan, involving food, drink, pop music or anything that distracts from Allah

• The fifth pillar - once in a lifetime pilgrimage to Mecca, tracing back to Allah's establishment of the Kaaba through Ibrahim.

• An addition to Zakah for Shia Muslims - 20% of income goes to charity through the Grand Ayatollah

• The struggle against evil to be a good Muslim

• Greater Jihad (most important) - internal struggle to resisting evil)

• Lesser Jihad - Outward struggle to defend the faith (often through physical/militant means under strict conditions)

Eid ul-Fitr = Festival of feast celebrating end of Ramadan

• It was started by Prophet Muhammad to thank Allah for the month of blessings

• New clothes are worn, feasts are prepared

  & the head of the family is expected to give money to the less fortunate

Eid ul-Adha = Festival of sacrifice commemorating Ibrahim's & Ismail's willingness to sacrifice for Allah.

• It was started by Prophet Muhammad and falls on the last day of Hajj

• Livestock is sacrifice and shared amongst the poor, new clothes are worn & families attend a special sermon at the Mosque

Eid ul-Ghadeer = commemorates the time they believe Prophet Muhammad declared Ali as the leader after him - dubbed the 'greatest eid' by Shia Muslims.

• They fast on this day, the 18th day of Dhu al-Hijjah

• A gathering is held at the Mosque where poetry is recited

Sunni Muslims commemorate Allah freeing Musa and the Israelites from Pharaoh

• Muslims fast on Ashura for the forgiveness of sins

• Shia Muslims commemorate the martyrdom of Prophet Muhammad's grandson (Imam Hussain), who got murdered in the battle of Karbala, for refusing to pledge allegiance to leader Yazid

• Gatherings are held in the Mosque from the 1st day of Muharram to Ashura, where attendants wear black to symbolise mourning

• Millions of pilgrims go to Karbala to visit the shrine of Hussain

• Significance:

• Way of showing commitment to Islam

• Means for Shia Muslims to be blessed with afterlife

• Ease the suffering of the poor

SOWA: Surah 9:72 - '𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘴 ..., 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘨𝘶𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳... 𝘐𝘵 𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘩𝘰 𝘸𝘪𝘭𝘭 𝘣𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘸𝘯 𝘈𝘭𝘭𝘢𝘩'𝘴 𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘺.'

• Serves as a remind of their commitment to the faith

• Reward is promised for putting Allah & his Prophet first

SOWA: Surah 4:69 : "Whoever obeys Allah and his Messenger will be among those he has blessed"

Significance:

• To communicate directly with Allah

• The first question Allah will ask on Judgement Day is about Salah

SOWA: Surah 15:98-99 -> "Celebrate the glory of your Lord and be among those who bow to him"

Significance:

• All acts of charity will be rewarded by Allah

• It is important for Muslims to create a harmonious society that doesn't forget the less fortunate

SOWA: Surah 9:60 -> ‘Alms are meant only for the poor and needy…’

• Exercising self-discipline to become spiritually stronger

• Ramadan is the month that Laylat al-Qadr (night of power) took place

• Helps appreciate God's gifts, which may be taken for granted.

SOWA: Surah 2:183, 185 -> "Fasting is prescribed for you ... so you may be thankful"

• Hajj offers a fresh start to life throught the forgiveness of sins

• Demonstartion of unity & equality within Islam

SOWA: Surah 22:27-30 -> 'Proclaim the Pilgimage to all people'

• Prophet Muhammad said it is better to give than to recieve (Hadith)

• Failure to do so means wealth is unpure

• Helps spread Shia tradition

• Better access to education when used to build schools

SOWA: Surah 8:41 -> One fifth of your battle gains belongs to Allah"

• Allah is pleased with those who aim to improve themselves

• Quran teaches about the need to resist evil in oneself & society

SOWA: Surah 6:153 -> " This is my path, leading straight, so follow it"

= The central beliefs of Sunni Islam, based on the Quran & the Hadith of Gabriel:

Belief in:

1. Tawhid - oneness of God

2. Malaikah - angels

3. Kutub - holy books

4. Nubuwwah - prophets

5. Akhirah - afterlife & Day of Judgement

6. Al-Qadr - predestination

• 6 articles: mentioned in the Kitab al-Imam Hadith, forms foundation of Sunni Islam

• Both: Pleases Allah + helps stay on the right path

= The central beliefs of Shia Islam:

• Tawhid - oneness of Allah

• Adalat - divine/perfect justice of Allah - everyone treated as they deserve

• Nubuwwah - the prophets - infallible role models

• Imamah - Imams - divinely appointed, infallible descendants of Muhammad

• Mi’ad - day of judgement & resurrection - fate of afterlife decided by Allah

• Immanent

• Transcendent

• Omnipotent

• Beneficent