earth science 11/14

The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure.

A device used to measure wind speed.

The increased cooling effect that a wind causes.

Winds that blow over a short distance.

During the day, land warms faster than water. The air above the land heats and rises, creating a low pressure above land. Cool air from the ocean flows in to take its place.

At night, land cools faster than the ocean. The air above the ocean heats and rises, creating a low pressure above the ocean. Cool air from the land flows in and takes its place.

The earth's rotation causes the global winds to appear curved.

Winds that blow steadily over long distances.

Located along the equator, warm air rises steadily, creating an area of low pressure.

Located at 30 degrees north and south, air stops moving toward the poles and sinks, creating an area of high pressure with little rainfall.

Winds that blow from the horse latitudes toward the equator. Cold air over horse latitudes sinks, forming a high-pressure region.

Winds found between 30 degrees south and 60 degrees latitude that blow from west to east away from the horse latitudes.

Winds that extend from the poles to 60 degrees latitude, formed from cold sinking air moving from the poles, creating cold temperatures.

A huge body of air in the lower atmosphere with similar temperature, humidity, and air pressure at a given height.

Warm air masses that form in the tropics with lower pressure.

Cold air masses that form north of 50 degrees and south of 50 degrees with high air pressure.

Air masses that form over oceans, resulting in humid air.

Air masses that form over land, resulting in dry air.

Bands of high-speed winds located 10 km above the surface, embedded within prevailing westerlies, blowing from west to east.

The boundary where air masses meet, Fast moving warm air mass overtakes a slower cold air mass

Warm air at the center rises, causing air pressure to decrease, and cooler air blows inward.

Cool air at the center sinks, causing air pressure to increase, and winds spiral outward from the center.

A violent disturbance in the atmosphere.

Cold, dry air moves southeast across warmer water, becomes more humid, and cools causing snow when it reaches land.

Forms in large cumulonimbus clouds.

A sudden spark or electrical discharge as charges jump between clouds or between a cloud and the ground.

Caused by the heating of air near a lightning bolt to as much as 30,000 degrees Celsius.

Tropical cyclones with winds of 119 km/h or higher, acting as a heat engine.

Hurricanes that form over the eastern Pacific.

Storms that form over the South Pacific and Indian Ocean.

Low pressure and high winds over the ocean raise the level of water, resulting in flooding.

A rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped cloud that reaches down from a thunderstorm to touch Earth's surface.

Lines on a map that join points with the same air pressure.

Lines on a map that join points with the same temperature.

Faster cold air mass runs into lower warm air mass:

Cold and warm air masses meet, but neither one can move the other

Most complex. Warm air mass is caught between 2 cooler air masses

Fast moving warm air mass overtakes a slower cold air mass