APUSH Period 7

Mahan

argued that a strong navy in important for foreign power

Jingoism

form of nationalism calling for intense foreign policy

McKlinley's War Message

Save Cuba and protect the US

Teller Amendment

Joint Resolution declaring war; Cubans could control their own government

Insular Cases

ruled that Constitutional rights were not automatically extended to territories

Platt Amendment

required Cuba to never sign a treaty impairing its independence, allow the US to intervene in its affairs and maintain its Navy there

Hay-Paunceforte Treaty

revoked GB's joint control over canals

Root-Takahira Agreement

US and Japan pledged mutual respect for each others pacific possessions, and for the open door policy

Lodge Corolarry

excluded non-EU powers from owning territories in the Western Hemisphere

Jones Act

granted the Philippines full territorial status, BoR + male suffrage, and independence once they had a stable government. C

Conciliation Treaties

nations pledged to submit disputes to international commissions, and have a cooling-off period before taking military action

Initiative

voters could try to compel legislature to consider a bill

refrendrum

citizens could vote for laws proposed on the ballots

recall

voters can remove a politician via. majority votes

roosevelt's square deal

wanted to compromise between progressivists and business owners

Mann-Elkins Act

allowed the ICC to oversee railroad rates, and telephone, telegraph, and cable companies

New Nationalism

govt. regulations, women's suffrage, social welfare

New Freedom

ended business and govt. corruption

Clayton Antitrust Act

strengthened the Sherman ATA + protected unions

Federal Trade Commission

took action against unfair trade practice

Federal Loan Act

provided farm loans at low interest rates

open-door policy

all major powers should have an equal right to trade with China

Second International Peace Conference

discussed rules for limiting warfare

spanish-american war

1898 war over the treatment of Cubans

Panama canal

enabled America to expand economic and military influence

dollar diplomacy

favored increased American investment in the world as a way of increasing American influence

Treaty of Paris (1898)

Spain granted Cuba independence + ceded Philippines, Guam, and PR to the US

muckrakers

writers1

17th amendment

allowed voters instead of state legislatures to elect senators

direct primary

allowed party members to vote for candidates

national consumers league

promoted legislation protecting women and children

16th amendment

gave the NG the power to collect income tax

Bull Moose Party

called for 8-hour workday, women’s suffrage, and the end of child labor

Federal Trade Commission

regulated business activity; built a relationship between businesses and government

Federal Reserve System

set up a system of 12 regional banks that could lend money to commercial banks in their district

Allied Powers

GB, France, Russia, Italy

Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey

Sussex Pledge

Germany declared that they would not sink any more ships without warning

Espionage Act

outlawed interfering with the draft and gave postal authorities the power to seize any publications deemed treasonous

1918 Sedition Act

outlawed criticism of the government

Fourteen Point Plan

open diplomacy, freedom of the seas, national self-determination

Republican “New Era”

believed in limited government and supported free enterprise

Washington Conference

agreed to scrape many tons of battleships, a 10-year freeze on warship construction, uphold Open Door Policy

Palmer Raids

led to the arrest of thousands (mainly immigrants)

Emergency Quota Act and National Origins Act

restricted new immigration

Hoovervilles

settlements of shacks on the outskirts of cities

Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930

imposed severe tariffs on all incoming goods; EU subsequently raised their own tariffs

wagner act

guaranteed the right of workers to organize unions and engage in collective bargaining

isolationism

American foreign policy of avoiding political alliances following WWI

Lend-Lease Act

the US would send military equipment to the British; payments deferred until end of the war

Atlantic Charter

endorsed the principles of national self-determination and free trade + rejected territorial expansion by conquest

Yalta Conference

Allied leaders agreed for Germany to be divided into four occupation zones

Bataan Death March

Japanese forced prisoners on a 60-mile march to a new concentration point

Manhattan Project

secret project to build an atomic bomb

Double V Campaign

black leaders emphasized victory in war and racial prejudice

populism

mandatory agrarian movement that supported unlimited coinage of silver, govt regulation of railroads, and other polices favoring farmers / working class

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

gave grants to govts operating soup kitchens or other services

Civilian Conservation Corps

provided jobs via. forest and conservation programs

Tennessee Valley Authority

hired people to renovate poor regions

Works Progress Administration and Public Works Administration

employed millions of Americans (often via. construction)