Studied by 2 peopleHorney thought there are two basic needs during childhood. List there two basic needs
Safety and Satisfaction
Caught between dependence and Hostility, generalized hostility to all people and world, learn to repress hostility in order to survive
Basic Hostility
Feel lonely and helpless in a hostile world
Basic Anxiety
Some parents respond to their child’s needs with basic evil. list four of the behaviors that would show basic evil toward a child
Rejection of a child, Ridicule, Humiliation, Preference to a sibling
Need for Affection and Approval, Need for a partner who will run one’s life, need to live one’s life within narrow limits. if I give in, I shall not be hurt
Moving toward people
Need for power, Need to exploit others, Need for social recognition and prestige, need for personal admiration, If I have power, no one can hurt me
Moving Against people
Need for ambition and personal achievement, need for sufficiency and independence, need for perfection and unassailability, If I withdraw, nothing can hurt me
Moving away form people
born with this, leads to normal personality growth.
real self
self replaces the real self after experiencing basic evil
idealized self
View everything of importance as occurring outside oneself. Hold external factors responsible for life situation
Externalization
deny/ignore parts of experiences that don’t fit idealized self
Blind spots
divide life into boxes, with different rules for each
Compartmentalization
logical excuses to justify weakness and failures
Rationalization
control emotions. Rigid self-control
Excessive self control
make a choice, classify all others as “wrong”
arbitrary rightness
seldom make a decision, then can’t be wrong
Elusiveness
don’t believe in anything
Cynicism
What does Erik Erikson Emphasize
Ego
What is a major concern on self anaylysis
Overcoming resistance on your own
what are women jealous of
men have social power
what are men jealous of
give birth to children
through Erik Erikson’s finding what did he find influenced personality
A child’s genitals determine their personality
Erikson thought each crisis had three phases. Listen and define these three phases
Immature- not the focal point of development
Critical- focal point of development
Resolution- influences future personality development
pattern of behavior that reflects culture. Makes life meaningful, how we become socialized, are arbitrary but important
Ritulalization
Inappropriate or false ritual. Mechanical and stereotyped ritualization. Empty ceremony, lack power to bond people together
Ritualism
Develops if crisis has positive outcome
Virtue
Develop if basic needs are met in a loving and consistent way. Don’t develop is rejected or needs are inconsistently met. 1st social achievement of letting parents out of sight without getting angry. Infancy
Basic Trust vs Mistrust
Hold on and let go by choice. Willfully do something or not, battle of wills with parents, Parents must control child without injuring child’s self control. Early Childhood
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
initiates ideas, actions, fantasies, plan for future events. Test limits of what they can do. all depends if parents encourage their behavior . Preschool age
Initiative vs Guilt
Pleasure of completing work with steady attention and diligence vs losing confidence in ability to contribute to society. School age
Industry vs Inferiority
Ponder all info about self and past experiences and commit to a strategy for life vs the inability to choose a role in life or only assuming a role because it is given to you. Adolescence
Identify vs Role Confusion
Close loving relationships vs withdrawing into self/avoiding others. Young Adult
Intimacy vs Isolation
passing information into the next generation vs interpersonal impoverishment meaning not caring about the future. Adulthood
Generatviity vs Stagnation
feels life was productive, happy, constructive vs looking back on life with frustration, not achieve goals. Old Age
integrity vs Despair
What are the three ego states
Parent, Adult, and child
Determines behavior and thought. It is organized but always changing because of experience
Dynamic Organization
not exclusively mental or physical
Psychophysical systems
personality is behind/motivates behavior
Determine
what makes each person unique
Characteristic behavior and thought
Character
moral judgment, personality evaluated
type
category a person is placed in
Temperment
emotional component of personality. Genetic like intelligence and physical characteristics
Trait
•Neurophychic structure having the capacity to render many stimuli functionally equivalent, and to initiate and guide equivalent forms of adaptive and expressive behavior. Not habits or attitudes
Frequency, Number of Situations, Intensity
Allport that traits could not be observed but only inferred. What three pieces of information did Allport say use to infer a person’s trait
Cardinal dipositions
one overriding trait. Influence everything they do. Only a few people have cardinal dispositions
Central dispositions
5-10 dominant traits. Different for each person, Organizes our personality
Secondary Dispositions
more specific than cardinal or central. More general than habits and attitudes
Sense of bodily “me” (1st year)
•Body exist through the senses
•Body is the anchor of self-awareness
•Defines what is and is not a part of the self
•Sense of self-identity (2nd year)
•Self continues even though body changes size and shape
•Name becomes the anchor of identity
•Sense of self-esteem (3rd year)
•Pride for doing things on their own
•Sense of self-extension (4th year)
•Self is extended to objects
•Learn what “mine” means, self goes beyond the self
•Emergence of self-image (5-6 years)
•Conscious develops
•Creates a “good me” and “bad me” and create future goals
Emergence of self as rational coper (6-12 years)
•Think to solve problems, think about thinking
•Emergence of propriate striving (12-adolescence)
•Become future oriented
•Make future goals with obstacles you must overcome to reach them
•Emergence of self as knower (adulthood)
•Self is aware of, unifies and transcends the first seven stages
•Integrates all functions of the other stages
•Capacity for self-extension
•Participate in many things
•Friends, hobbies, politics, church
•Capacity for warm human interaction
•Intimate relations without jealously or possessiveness
Demonstrates emotional security and self-acceptance
•Tolerant of conflicts and frustrations in life
•Positive self-image
•Demonstrates realistic perceptions
•See events as they are, not as they hoped they would be
. Demonstrates self-objectifications
•Accurately picture own assets and liabilities
•Good sense of humor, can laugh at self
•Demonstrates a unifying philosophy of life
•Has a major goal to work toward in life
•May come through religion
Extrinsic behavior
Looks for favoritism with god
Correlation
Measures the direction and strength of a relationship between to variables
Correlation Matrix
If measure similar things will correlate, if measure different things will not correlate
Cluster Analysis
Look for groups of variables that are highly correlated with each other
Surface Traits
groups of observations that are correlated
Environmental Mold Traits
traits resulting from experience
Ability Trait
source trait, how well we work toward a goal
Temperament traits
style and tempo of a person •Speed, energy, emotional
•Genetically determined
Dynamic Traits
set a person in motion toward a goal
They are learned
not qualified as an aspect of an erg
Self Sentiment
Most important Metaerg
Long Circuiting
This is the idea that one behavior may satisfy several ergs
Note
Flashcard