Unit 4 Geography of Identity AP Human Geo

What entity is the most powerful when it comes to identity?

a person's identity or sense of belonging to one or more states or to one or more nations

identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth

identity with a group of people who share legal attachment to a particular country

identity with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait, such as skin color

Are racial categories social constructs?

residential segregation, racialized divisions of labor, and categories of race in the census

White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

When were people allowed to choose more than 1 race on the census?

How do hispanics or latinos handle the census?

In NYC what are the dominating ethnicities of Hispanics?

Process by which new immigrants to a city, move to and dominate or take over areas or neighborhoods occupied by older immigrant groups.

How do Hispanics in NYC affect the cultural landscape?

48.48%

dramatic increase in Spanish populations in certain areas

Where are Hispanics clustered in the U.S.?

2 or more groups live separately from one another in different parts of the urban environment(although presently it is declining)

established separate but equal treatment of races(allowed Jim Crow Laws)

Black people had to sit on the back of the bus, businesses could choose to only serve white people, segregated schools

prevented homeowners from selling their homes to black people(also affected roman Catholics and Jews)

overturned segregation laws

emigration of white people from an area in anticipation of incoming black people(suburbanization)

real estate agents convinced white people to sell their homes in fear that when black people move near it would cause property values to fall

Where are African American people clustered?

Separation of families and destruction of villages, took strong individuals, packed into high density ships w/ minimum food and sanitation

financial institutions drew red lines on maps to mark where they wont lend money to people to purchase or improve property(result of this and blockbusting caused neighborhoods to change from white to black)

system in South Africa allowed discrimination by race

How did the south African government guarantee geographic isolation of black people?

first black president of South Africa

What has the apartheid system caused modernly?

neighborhoods in northern cities that were black dominant

black people moved from highly clustered communities into adjacent neighborhoods

California

Where are Native Americans clustered?

a place with a high concentration of an ethic group that is distinct from those in the surrounding area(found in large cities and strengthened by chain migration)

Quebec, Utah, Navajo reservation

Why are ethnic clusters endangered?

Clusters are mostly Latin american and Asian rather than European. Since Latin America and Asia are in stage 2-3 of the DTM they supply immigrants as well as quota laws in 1965 limited European migration

Visual imprint of culture which shows previous ethnicities in a landscape

a suburban area with a cluster of a particular ethnicity

British left their rule resulting in a partition. India was majority hindu while east and West Pakistan was majority Muslim. Massive migration arose to separate the religions, violence between migrants occurred.

never agreed to line of control, Muslims have founded a guerrilla war to unite with Pakistan

found in East Turkey and western Iran, land was stolen by Turks that was promised to the Kurds(Kuridistan). Fought a guerrilla war because their culture was supressed by the Turks.

an ethnic group or nation that does not possess its own state

a state with a variety of ethnicities who forge a greater allegiance to a national identity

What 4 groups make up the British Isles?

a state that contains multiple cultural traditions with self determination that agree to coexist and recognize each other as a distinct nationality

loyalty and devotion to a nationality

a purposeful policy to remove other religious/ethnic groups from a territory with violence or terror

mass murder of a group of people in attempt to eliminate their group

A Sunni Muslim group in Myanmar that are being forced into Bangladesh and are not considered citizens of Myanmar

established after ww2 to unite south slavs although when its founder(Tito) died problems arose because ethnic borders didn’t match actual ethnic distribution

What did Serbs and Croats do to Bosniaks?

What did Serbs do in Kosovo after Yugoslavia fell?

a geographic area that couldn’t be organized into stable countries because many ethnicities live there and antagonize each other

the process in which a state breaks down because of ethnic conflict

How has European colonialism affected modern-day Africa?

What happened with the Hutus and Tutsis?

home of the deadliest war in the past 70 years and is a spillover from conflict in Rwanda and Burundi

What is an obvious way societies are gendered?

What 2 migration patterns result from young women supporting their families in LDC s?

wages a migrant earns sent to family of their home country/city

default thinking or assumptions regarding gender

What is an example of power relationships used to discriminate against a group?

more than 50%

What activities performed by women in poorer countries are not accounted for as part of economic production?

where has the labor force of women not grown?

Why do women not benefit from crops they grow?

How have women tried to change their situation in the labor force?

the brutal punishment, burning, or murder of a bride because her fathers failure to fulfill a marriage agreement(In India this isn’t improving)