First Aid Quiz 1

list the limitations you should consider before attempting to move a person in an emergency

- any dangerous conditions at the scene

- the size of the person

- the distance the person must be moved

- your physical ability

- whether other bystanders can help

- the person's condition

- any aids or equipment to facilitate moving the person at the scene

what is the purpose of an initial check of a person

to determine whether any life-threatening conditions are present

one you determine the person has no life-threatening conditions you should

check for other injuries or conditions that could become life-threatening if not cared for

before beginning a check for life-threatening conditions you should first

call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number

what is CPR

a combination of chest compressions and rescue breaths

what are situations where a trained responder can stop CPR

- obvious sign of life

- AED is available

- another trained responder or EMS arrives and takes over

- you are too exhausted to continue

what describes the chest pain associated with a heart attack

an uncomfortable pressure, persistent pain that may spread to the shoulder, arm, neck, or jaw

If during an analysis an AED prompts, "no shock advised," you should

immediately resume CPR until the AED reanalyzes or you notice an obvious sign of life

what is respiratory arrest

condition in which breathing stops

what is respiratory distress

condition in which breathing becomes difficult

list three causes of choking in adults

- Talking or laughing with their mouth full or eating too fast

- Medical conditions (such as a neurological or muscular condition that affects the person's ability to chew, swallow, or both)

- Dental problems or poorly fitting dentures that affect the person's ability to chew food properly

how to force a foreign object out of the airway

give back blows and abdominal thrusts

How are asthma, hyperventilation and anaphylactic shock alike

they are forms of respiratory distress

a woman is choking on a piece of candy but is awake and coughing forcefully. what do you do

encourage the woman to continue coughing

What are the 6 common fears or concerns that prevent people from taking action at the scene of an emergency?

-being uncertain that an emergency actually exists

-being afraid of giving the wrong care or inadvertently causing the person more harm

-assuming that the situation is already under control

-squeamishness related to unpleasant sights, sounds, or smells

-fear of catching a disease

-fear of being sued

what is a lay responder

a layperson (someone who does not have special or advanced medical training or skill) who recognizes an emergency and is willing to act

what is first aid

immediate care given to a person with an injury or sudden illness until more advanced care can be obtained

what is an emergency

a situation requiring immediate action

what is a sudden illness

a physical condition, such as a heart attack, requiring immediate medical attention

what is the EMS system

a network of community resources and medical personnel that gives emergency care to a person with an injury or sudden illness

identify 5 ways bystanders can help at the scene of an emergency

- calling, meeting, and directing the ambulance

- keeping the area free of unnecessary traffic; or giving first aid

- bystanders can go for additional supplies or give comfort to others on the scene

- may be able to give important information about the person or what happened

what are the 4 conditions required for disease transmission from a person to a responder to occur

-the responder must be susceptible to the pathogen

- there must be enough of the pathogen present to cause infection

- the pathogen passes through a correct entry site

- a pathogen is present

what is direct contact transmission

mode of transmission of pathogens that occurs through directly toughing infected blood or other potentially infection materials or other agents such as chemicals, drugs, or toxins

what is indirect contact transmission

mode of transmission of pathogens that occurs when a person touches objects that have the blood or other potentially infectious materials of an infected person, and that infected blood or OPIM enters the body through a correct entry site

what are safety measures you can use to prevent disease transmission

Using PPE such as disposable latex-free gloves

which would you use to move a person with a suspected head, neck, or spinal injury

clothes drag

list three situations in which it may be necessary to move a person

- danger for the person

- another person has a more serious problem

- when it is necessary to give proper care

list the guidelines to follow when moving a person in an emergency

- use your legs, not your back

- bend a the knees and hips, avoid twisting

- maintain a firm grip

- walk forward when possible

- use good posture

- do not move a person who is too large to move comfotably

if the person you are checking is unresponsive but breathing normally, what should be your next action

have a bystander call 9-1-1 or the designation emergency number

if the person you are checking is unresponsive and not breathing normally what should be your next step

begin CPR

what is cardiac arrest

condition that results when the heart stops beating or beats too irregularly, or weakly to circulate blood

what is cholesterol

a fatty substance that contributes to the risk for heart disease

what are coronary arteries

blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen-rich blood

what is a heart attack

a sudden illness involving the death of heart muscle tissue caused when it does not receive oxygen-rich blood

what is angina pectoris

temporary chest pain caused by a lack of oxygen to the heart

what are the signs and symptoms of cardiac arrest

a person is unresponsive and not breathing, oly gasping

describe the conditions that most often cause cardiac arrest in children and infants

- breathing problems

- severe trauma

what is the most common sign or symptom of a heart attack

persistent chest pain, discomfort or pressure

what may happen as a result of a heart attack

- the heart functions inadequately

- the heart may stop

- some heart muscle tissue dies from lack of oxygen

what should you do first to care effectively for a person having a heart attack

call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number

how can you know whether a person's heart is beating

- the person is breathing

- the person shows another sign of life

- the person is responsive

when is CPR needed for an adult

when the person is unresponsive and not breathing normally

what is the purpose of CPR

to supply the vital organs with blood containing oxygen

CPR artificially takes over the functions of which two body systems

respiratory and circulatory systems

while the AED analyzes the heart rhythm, you should

ensure that no one, including you, is touching the person

if the AED pads risk touching each other, such as with a small child or infant you should

place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back between the shoulder blades

what is airway obstruction

blockage of the airway that prevents air from reaching a person's lungs

what is anatomical airway obstruction

occurs when the airway is blocked by the tongue or swollen tissues of the mouth and throat

what is cyanotic

bluish discoloration of the skin around the mouth or fingertips

which of the following is a sign of respiratory distress

- gasping for air

- breathing that is slower than normal

- wheezing

care for people in respiratory distress always includes which of the following

encouraging the person to sit down and lean forward

what should you do after getting consent when someone is choking

give back blows and abdominal thrusts until the object is dislodged or the person becomes unresponsive

what should you do for an infant who is awake and choking but who cannot cry, cough, or breathe

give back blows and chest thrusts

how deep and how long should you give CPR to an adult or child

at least 2 inches and for 100-120 compressions per minute

how deep and how long should you give CPR to an infant

at least 1 1/2 inches and 100- 120 compressions per minute