Chapter 10: Acids and Bases and Equilibrium

Substances that produce hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water.

A Swedish chemist to first describe acids and bases.

The most common form of an oxygen-containing acid has a name that ends with ____.

The name of oxygen-containing acid polyatomic anion ends in ____.

An acid that contains one less oxygen atom than the common form is named as an ____.

The name of less oxygen atom polyatomic anion ends with ___.

These are ionic compounds that dissociate into metal ions and hydroxide ions when they dissolve in water.

Most Arrhhenius bases are formed from ____ metals.

Typical Arrhenius bases are named as ____

They expanded the definition of acids and bases in 1923.

It can donate a hydrogen ion to another substance.

It can accept hydrogen ion.

It consists of molecules or ions related by the loss of one H+ by an acid, and the gain of one H+ by a base.

Substances that can act as acids and bases.

The strength of an ____ is determined by the moles of H3O+ that are produced for each mole of acid that dissolves.

The strength of a ____ is determined by the moles of OH- that are produced for each mole of base that dissolves.

These are examples of strong electrolytes because they donate H+ so easily that their ionization in water is virtually complete.

These are weak electrolytes because they ionize slightly in water, which produces only a few ions.

Carbonic acid that has two H+, which ionize one at a time

These are ionic compounds that dissociate in water to give an aqueous solution of metal ions and hydroxide ions.

These are weak electrolytes that are poor acceptors of hydrogen ions and produce very few ions in solution.

• The rates of the forward and reverse reactions become equal.

• The reactants form products at the same rate that the products form reactants.

  • It has been reached when no further change takes place in the concentrations of the reactants and products.

It states that when equilibrium is disturbed, the rates of the forward and reverse reactions change to relieve that stress and reestablish equilibrium.

In this solution, the [H3O+] is greater than the [OH-].

In this solution, the [OH-] is greater than the [H3O+].

A range of numbers typically from 0 to 14, which represents the [H3O+] of the solution.

A neutral solution has a pH of ___.

In ____ solutions, the pH is below 7.0.

In ____ solutions, the pH is above 7.0.

An ionic compound that does not have H+ as the cation or OH- as the anion.

A reaction between an acid and a base to produce water and salt.

A laboratory procedure n which we neutralize an acid sample with a known amount of base.

These are substances used to neutralize excess stomach acid.

It maintains pH by neutralizing small amounts of added acid or base.

A condition that occurs when there’s an increase in the CO2 level that leads to a low blood pH concentration.

A condition that occurs when there’s a decrease in the CO2 level that leads to a high blood pH concentration.