AP Human Geography: Unit 1 ~ Thinking Geographically ~

Used to reference things and earth’s different attributes.

Political maps; Physical maps

Shows state and national boundaries

Shows physical features of an area on earth

Types of maps with clearly stated (usually in tittle) themes

Isoline; Choropleth; Dot distribution; Catogram; graduated symbol

A map that connects places of a particular value by lines

A map in which areas are shaded or patterned in proportion to the measuring of the variable

A map that uses dot symbols to show the presence or absence of something

A map which the projection and scale are distributed in order to convey the info of a variable

A map that displays symbols that change in size according to the value of the variable

acts as a frame of reference and how information is chunked

Global, Regional, National, and Local

Small map, Large detail

Large map, Small detail

Portions of the earth that share similar characteristics

Clearly marked lines (boarders)

Has focal point and range, and as you get further from the focal point it decreases

one’s perception of an area

Never changing position (ex: Coordinates)

The positions of a place or entity based on its location with respect to other locations

always points same direction (north, east, south, west)

depends on objects current locations (left, right, forward)

A distance that can be measured with a standard unit of measurement (kilometers)

A measure of the social,cultural, and economic relatedness of a place or connectivity

a system of imaginary lines, including latitude and longitude, that are used to determine the location of places on Earth's surface.

The numbering system used to indicate location of parallel is drawn on globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator

The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian

Designated 0 degrees longitude, that passes through the Royal observatory at Greenwich England

0 degrees latitude, parallel, largest circumference

An arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude east (towards U.S.A.) back 24 hours west (towards Asia) ahead a day

Type of distortions (each are separate types)

map used in most text books is distorted near the poles

The map some people would rather have in text books but there are distortions in size of contents

Shows the entire earth and distorts both shape and size and direction

Computer systems that store, analyze, and display data related to the Earth's surface. GIS systems can capture, store, and display data such as buildings, streets, and vegetation on a map. GIS can also be used to monitor changes in the Earth's surface over time by collecting imagery at regular intervals.

the process of studying an object or location without making physical contact with it. It involves taking pictures of the Earth's surface from satellites or aircraft to gain a better understanding of the Earth's geography over long distances.

is a satellite-based navigation system that determines the exact location of an individual on Earth. GPS uses satellites, tracking stations, and receivers to determine a position on Earth.

physical gap between 2 objects

Distinct concentration (spread of people, things, ideas, cultural practices, etc.)

separated

spread of people, things, ideas, cultural practices, etc. to a place

The spread of an idea from one place to another by the physical movement of people.

when innovations spread to new places while staying strong in their original locations. (it's an umbrella term that includes stimulus, Hierarchical, reverse hierarchical, and contagious diffusion)

The spread of a hidden principle even though the original characteristics fails to diffuse.

The spread of an idea from people of authority, power, or influence to other people or places

Rural to Urban

A rapid or widespread diffusion of a characteristic through a population

Name given to a particular place on earth

Specific place on earth earth with human and physical characteristics that distinguished it from other places

a specific point on Earth with physical and human characteristics that make it distinct from other places.

Exact location, found on map

surrounding features; both man made features and natural

The idea of the farther you are away from someone the less likely you are to interact

Concept that the length of the journey (distance) and the difficulty (friction) affects time to complete journey

A force or process that involves the whole world making it Global (world-wide scale)

The increasing connection of economic, cultural, and political characteristics across the world

a company that operates in multiple countries, conducting research, operating factories, and selling products in more than one country.

developed countries

developing countries

A substance in the environment that is useful to people

Connections between humans and the environment

Changes made by humans to modify or alter the physical environment to suit their needs

Changes the way they live so they can live in the environment

produced by nature at a higher production rate than human consumption

produced by nature at a higher human consumption rate than production rate

The use of something on earth they is used in a way to make sure it’s available in the future(pillars are environmental, economic, and social)

The idea that the environment decides what people can and can’t do

The idea that the physical environment sets limits on human actions, but humans are able to adjust the physical environment

Data with numbers (ex:census)

Data with people perspectives about a topic or idea (ex: interviewing people about something)

The process of collecting, compiling, and publishing data about the population and housing of a country or region