Chapter 18 - Metabolism and Movement of Lipids

NPC1

________ is needed for cholesterol to move normally into intracellular compartments 18.3: Lipid Movement into and out of Cells.

Infection

________ or injury can cause inflammatory responses in the artery wall, which cause foam cells that show atherosclerosis.

ER

The synthesizing final steps are catalyzed by membrane associations in the ________, Golgi, mitochondria, and peroxisomes.

Fatty acids

________ are composed of:

ABC

The ________ superfamily, which is made of ATP hydrolyzing small molecule pumps, controls ________ proteins which control the export of lipids in the cells.

StAR proteins

________ have a hydrophobic cholesterol building pocket.

biosynthetic precursors of steroid hormones

The ________ are intermediated by cholesterol and isoprenoid, and lipid- soluble vitamins, bioactive molecules, and bile acids also helped.

Atherosclerosis

________ progressively accumulates cholesterol, the extracellular matrix, and inflammatory and other cells.

HMG CoA

________ has transmembrane segments embedded into the ER.

HMG CoA reductase

________ catalyzes the rate- controlling step required for cholesterol biosynthesis.

Lipoprotein secretion

________ and lipoprotein receptor facilitated uptake.

active nSREBP transcription factor

The ________ is released from the Golgi in the insig- 1 (2)/SCAP /SREBP pathway by intramembrane proteolysis, which occurs when the cholesterol levels are low.

cytosol

The ________ is the main base for the initial steps in cholesterol biosynthesis, and the last steps take place in the ER membrane.

Plasma LDL

________ (bad cholesterol) causes the formation of foam cells.

key transcription

Enzymes, transporters, receptors, and proteins are controlled by two ________ control pathways.

Plasma HDL

________ (good cholesterol) reverses the transport of cholesterol, lessening the risk of atherosclerosis.

Regulation of Cellular Lipid Metabolism

Lipoproteins all have a unique characteristic protein and a different function in the cellular export system 18.4: Feedback ________.

Fatty acids

________ are transported in the plasma membrane through fatty acid transporters such as FATPs and CD36, and these ________ are moved between intracellular binding proteins and extracellular carriers.