GR9 SCIENCE VOLCANOES

A cone shaped mountain or hill often made u of lava and ash.

Where molten rocs is found deep below the Earth’s Surface and a basin for magma.

Fine Materials thrown out by a Volcano.

Molten rocks below the Earth’s Surface.

Molten rocks flows from the Crater of an Active Volcano.

Lava rocks fragments thrown out by an Erupting Volcano.

A Circle of Active Volcanoes found around the Edge of Pacific Ocean.

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

Pressure decreases

• a type of Volcano formed by the accumulation of Lava that oozes out from the Volcano.

• Resembles a warrior’s shield

• A type of Volcano that are built from ejected lava fragments.

• Most Abundant of the three major volcanoes.

• Have sleep slope, wide crater

• A type of Volcanoes that are nearly perfect slope structure formed from alternate solidification of both Lava and pyroclastic deposits.

A type of Volcano that erupted within the last 600 years or within the last 10,000 years based on analysis of database materials.

• A type of Volcano that have NOT erupted for the last 10,000 years of their existence.

• Their Physical form is being changed by agents of weathering and erosions of deep and long gullies.

A type of Volcano that is expected to erupt again.

A type of Volcano that will not erupt again.

• A type of Eruption that involves in thick magma with large amounts of trapped gases.

• High Gases content, High Viscosity

• A type of Eruption that involves in thin basaltic magma that flows perfectly with small amounts of trapped gases.

• Low Gases Content, Low Viscosity

A type of Volcanic Eruption that occurs when magma heat around the surface of water.

• A type of Volcanic Eruption with an explosive magma-water interaction, large amounts of steam and magmatic gases are emitted.

• Large column of very fine ash and high speed sideways emission of pyroclastic called BASE SULGE are observed.

• A type of Volcanic Eruption named after “Stromboli”, an Italian Volcano

• Consists of ejection of incandcent cinder, lapili and lava bombs.

• Eruptions up to Tens to a Hundred meters

• Eruptions are small to medium

• A type of Volcanic Eruption that is Explosive

• Occurs when the pressure of entrapped gases in a relatively viscous magma.

A type of Volcanic Eruption that is excessively explosive of gas like Pinatubo Volcano in Zambales.

A Plate Movement where tectonic plate converge

A Plate Movement with locations where plate are moving away from one another.

When lava cools and solidifies

• A Causes of Melting of Magma due to lowering of the pressure.

• The rock in this section melts to form a magma

• A Causes of Melting of Magma in which magma is created when hot liquid is forced to highly pressurized core to the crust.

• The liquid rock loses heat to the surrounding rock which also melts in the process.

• A Causes of Melting of Magma that occurs when carbon dioxide and water is added to rocks.

• There 2 can significantly reduce to the melting point of rock resulting in this formation of magma.

8 Elements with Oxygen being at 46.6%

An Example of magma from a Shield Volcano

• Temperature = 1000C - 1200C

• Viscosity = Thin, Less Viscous

Example of a magma from a Composite Volcano

• Temperature = 800C - 1000C

• Viscosity = Moderate Viscous

Example of a magma from a Cinder Volcano

• Temperature = 650C - 800C

• Viscosity = Thick, High Viscous

As Temperature Increases, Viscosity Decreases

As Silica Content Increases, the Viscosity Increases

As Gas Content increases, Viscosity decreases