HPC - Semester 1

Where people acquire political views, attitudes, and knowledge through family, schools, peer groups, mass media, race, religion, income, ethnicity

Identifying/aligning yourself with a party

• Changing the status quo

• Environment has large impact on behavior, factors one cannot control: Gov should correct

  • poverty, racism, sexism, albelism

• more gov economically, less gov socially

• care/harm (racism)

• fairness/cheating (affirmative action)

• preserve status quo or return to historical position

• One is responsible for their own happiness

• more gov on social matters, less on economic

• fairness/cheating

• loyalty/betrayal (kneeling for flag, supporting troops)

• authority/subversion (BLM and blue lives matter)

calls for public rather than private ownership of property and natural resources

• Freedom

• Gov should have less control over people’s lives

Having moderate political views or policies

Someone who favors a political system in which the state has control over social and economic affairs

• left

• moderate

• right

The existing state of social or political issues

Intent to transform of replace the principles of a political system often through social change

• often left-wing

One who opposes political or social liberalization or reform

• one who opposes the removal or loosening of restrictions on economic or political systems

• often right-wing

• Counting every person living in the U.S. regardless of citizenship status

• in Article 1 of Constitution

• Every 10 years

• collecting data

  • affects reallocation of funds

  • reapportionment

    • how many representatives in the House of Re[s each state gets

Eventually, white people will be the minority and minority groups together will be the majority

• Asians and Hispanics populations have been increasing

• birthrates have been higher among minorities

An overall set of values widely shared within a society

• ex: equality in America

Reallocating seats in the House of Representatives every 10 years based on Census`

drawing electoral district boundaries to account for population shifts

• ensuring that each district has roughly the same population

• When party in power in state draws district boundaries to benefit themselves

• redistricting that helps party in power win elections by weakening voting power of the other party’s citizens

• Packing

  • drawing districts so all opponents are concentrated in one area

• Cracking

  • breaking up opponents so they can’t have a majority anywhere

everyone has an equal chance/opportunity of being picked

Measure of how accurate results of a survey are

• ± 3% accounts for good range

To predict electoral winners with speed and precision using public opinion surveys

• widely criticized

  • discourages people from voting and affects outcome of state and local races

• altering wording of question can manipulate results

• Women are more likely to support Democrats because they’re less conservative than men

• More likely to support spending on social services and to oppose higher levels of military spending

• Limited resources to meet unlimited wants

• scarcity of resources sets up prices of things

Something necessary for survival

• food, shelter, saftey

An item we desire but is not essential to survival

• phones, makeup, etc.

The value of trade-offs

• What will I lose from option A if I choose option B?

Money is spent that cannot be recovered

Just because something seems free doesn’t mean it is. That money is coming from somewhere.

Amount of goods or services

Amount of goods and services people want/willing to buy

Increase in demand for a good when consumer’s income increases

Decrease in demand when one’s income increases.

Goods/services that can be used together

• ex: milk and cereal

Goods and services that can be used in place of others

• Indirect subs: video games for board games

• Direct subs: Coke for Pepsi

Gave the Supreme Court the authority to review redistricting by the states by using the 14th amendment to justify the decision

Prohibited race based gerrymandering

A linkage institution that helps communicate people’s preferences to the government institutions —> get candidates elected

number one goal is getting candidates elected

People vote for members of both parties

1. Party in Electorate

   • shaped by party identification

   • not monolithic (ticket splitting is popular)

   1. Decline is major party affilation

      • more independents than ever before —> polarization of Congress

• operates as an organization 365 days a year

  • writes party platform

  • funds and supports logistics for campaigns

  • run by a national committee

    • party representatives from all states and territories

• parties form coalitions in government to gain majorities to pass legislation

  • groups comprised of different types of people that work or vote together to accomplish a common goal

• parties are responsible for turning their platform into policy