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Functions of Muscle
Movement, posture, joint stabilization, heat generation
Muscles aid the skeleton by…
Distributing load, absorbing shock, bone mobility (at joint)
Two types of skeletal muscle activity
Dynamic, static
Static activity
Maintain posture
Dynamic activity
Body movement
Smallest bit of a muscle that can contract
Motor unit
(Less/More) muscle fibers making up a motor movement increases the degree of contractility.
More
Slow Oxidative Fibers
Aerobic
Quick bu
Pennate Fiber Arrangement
Run obliquely
Angled & shorter fibers
Smaller range of shortening
More powerful
Parallel Fiber Arrangement
Fibers parallel to muscle
Greater range of shortening
Longer fibers
Force transmission of this arrangement is dependant on the angle.
Pennate
Force transmission of this arrangement is always 100%
Parallel
___________ arranged fibers shorten more and have greater range of motion, but the ________ arrangement is more powerful.
Parallel; penate
Concentric
Contracting involving muscle shortening
Isometric
Contraction involving no change in muscle length
Eccentric
Contraction with muscle lengthening
Lowering a weight during a bicep curl.
Concentric
Isometric
Eccentric
Eccentric
Raising a weight during a bicep curl.
Concentric
Isometric
Eccentric
Concentric
Agonist
muscle primarily responsible to cause a movement
Antagonist
opposes prime agonist’s action and cause movement in the opposite direction; act to control or stop a contraction of a primary mover
Agonists and antagonists are typically paired an __________ sides of a joint.
Opposite
Stabilizer
role played by a muscle acting to stabilize a body part/segment against another force (holds a body part immobile while another body part is moving)
Neutralizer
role played by a muscle acting to eliminate an unwanted action produced by an agonist (acts to prevent undesired motion)
Origin
the less moveable attachment of a muscle
Insertion
more moveable attachment of a muscle
The (insertion/origin) is pulled toward the (insertion/origin).
Insertion, origin
The origin is ________ (direction) to the insertion.
Proximal
Note
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