Mitosis and Meiosis are parts of the cell cycle

Mitosis:

• in somatic cells (body cells)

• Replicates DNA once, divides once

• results in two identical daughter cells

• DNA is doubled once, divided twice

• Diploid (full set of chromosomes)

Meiosis:

• in gametes (sex cells)

• Replicates DNA once, divides twice

• Parent cells are diploid, daughter cells are haploid

• Results in haploid cells (half set of DNA)

• one chromosome from each homologous pair

Meiosis 1: sister chromatids stay connected and homologous pairs seperate

Meisos 2: sister chromatids seperate

Crossing Over

• stage in Meiosis

• occurs after DNA doubles during S phase of Interphase

• occurs only in Prophase 1

• phsically swaps genes that code for the same trait/protein but may be different versions/alleles

• new combinations of alleles

• does not create new genes or chromosomes or rearrange the sequence