The six stages of the demographic transition model are:

1. High Stationary

2. Early Expanding

3. Late Expanding

4. Low Stationary

5. Declining

6. Post-Industrial.

The demographic transition model has four stages.

Stage 1: High Stationary - High birth rates and high death rates lead to a stable population size.

Stage 2: Early Expanding - Death rates begin to decline due to improved healthcare and sanitation, while birth rates remain high. This leads to a rapid increase in population size.

Stage 3: Late Expanding - Birth rates begin to decline due to increased access to family planning and education, while death rates continue to decline. Population growth slows down.

Stage 4: Low Stationary - Both birth rates and death rates are low, leading to a stable population size.

The Baby Bust refers to a period of time in the United States, Canada, and other industrialized countries during the 1960s and 1970s when the birth rate declined significantly. This was due to a combination of factors, including increased access to birth control, changing social attitudes towards family size, and economic uncertainty. The Baby Bust resulted in a smaller generation of children being born, which had significant impacts on demographics, economics, and social trends.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the world, causing widespread illness, death, and economic disruption. Governments around the world have implemented measures such as lockdowns, travel restrictions, and social distancing to slow the spread of the virus. The pandemic has also highlighted existing inequalities and disparities in healthcare and access to resources.

Site factors and situation factors are two types of factors that affect the location and success of businesses. Site factors refer to the characteristics of a location that make it favorable for a business, such as access to raw materials, labor, transportation, and energy. Situation factors, on the other hand, refer to the external factors that affect a business, such as competition, markets, and cultural and economic factors. In summary, site factors are related to the physical and environmental characteristics of a location, while situation factors are related to the external factors that affect a business.

The Mercator map projection distorts the size and shape of land masses, particularly near the poles. This results in an inaccurate representation of the true size and shape of countries and continents. The Mercator projection also exaggerates the size of countries located closer to the poles, such as Greenland and Russia, while minimizing the size of countries located closer to the equator, such as Africa and South America.

There are several methods of geographic data collection, including:

1. Global Positioning System (GPS) - uses satellites to determine the location of a receiver on the ground.

2. Remote Sensing - uses aerial or satellite imagery to gather data about the Earth's surface.

3. Ground Surveys - involves physically measuring and mapping features on the ground.

4. Geocoding - involves assigning geographic coordinates to data based on addresses or other location-based information.

5. Mobile Mapping - involves using vehicles equipped with sensors and cameras to collect data about the environment.

6. Crowdsourcing - involves gathering data from a large group of people, often through mobile apps or online platforms.

Geography is important in using geographic data. Knowing the physical and cultural features of a location helps interpret and analyze data. For instance, knowledge of topography, climate, and vegetation can predict natural disasters and plan emergency response. Similarly, grasping demographics and socio-economic conditions can aid decision-making about resource allocation and urban planning.

The US Census is a decennial (every 10 years) survey conducted by the United States Census Bureau to collect demographic data about the population of the United States. The data collected is used to determine the number of seats each state has in the House of Representatives, as well as to allocate federal funding and resources.

Types of reference maps: political (boundaries of countries, states, and cities), physical (natural features of the earth), topographic (elevation and relief of the land), and thematic (specific themes or topics like population density or climate).

Map projections are SADD:

They distort:

SHAPE

AREA

DISTANCE

DIRECTION

Absolute vs Relative Location

Absolute location refers to the exact position of a place on the Earth's surface, usually expressed in terms of latitude and longitude coordinates. It is a fixed location that does not change.

Relative location, on the other hand, refers to the position of a place in relation to other landmarks or features. It is a more flexible concept that can change depending on the context.

For example, the absolute location of New York City is 40.7128° N, 74.0060° W. Its relative location can be described as being on the east coast of the United States, near the Atlantic Ocean, and bordered by the states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, and Massachusetts.

Absolute distance refers to the exact physical space between two objects or locations, usually measured in units such as meters or kilometers. Relative distance, on the other hand, refers to the distance between two places in terms of time, cost, or other factors that affect the ease of travel or communication between them. For example, two cities may be only 100 kilometers apart in absolute distance, but if there is a mountain range between them, the relative distance may be much greater due to the difficulty of crossing the mountains.

Clustering refers to the tendency of individuals or groups to gather together in close proximity, while dispersal refers to the opposite tendency of individuals or groups to spread out and move away from each other. These concepts are often used in ecology to describe the spatial distribution of organisms within a population or community. Clustering can provide benefits such as increased protection from predators or improved access to resources, while dispersal can help to reduce competition for resources or avoid inbreeding.