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The seizure of a country by another stringer country “The bully effect”

Started because Europe was kicked out of the Americas and needed to find resources elsewhere.

Africa:

• Geography: They had the Sahara desert, and lots of diseases.  Lots of rough terrain. Made it so that Europe had not gone far into it previously.

• Europe looked to Africa to find more resources.

• The White Man’s Burden- Europe told their people that taking over these areas was for the better because they needed to save them from their own culture. They wanted to convert them to christianity. They felt culturally superior to the countries they conquered.

• Europe easily invaded and took over Africa because the people could not unite and fight back.

  • A nation divided will never stand.

• The Berlin conference- When Europe decided how to split up Africa. All they needed to do was say what part they wanted, and prove that they had an army their to control it.

• Militarism- Strict rule by a military to achieve control.

• Africa today still has problems, because when Europe left, they left the people countries which often combined enemy tribes.

• Zulus- tribe that fought against the British well

• Shaka Zulu- leader of the zulus, helped them do good against the British.

India:

• Will be known as the “Jewel of the Crown” for the British Empire

  • They would supply Britain with lots of Tea, Indigo, cotton, and Opium

• British East India Company- Who first ruled India, for the British.

  • The country was owned by a company.

• The company had their own Indian soldiers called “Sepoys”

• The “Sepoy Mutiny” was a revolution by the Sepoy because they were scared of being converted to christianity, and realized that their bullets were greased in pig and cow fat.

  • Eating pigs and cows went against their religion because they had to bite the bullets.

• After the “Sepoy Mutiny” Britain sent their troops to help, and afterward India was under the control of the British Parliament.

• India also couldn’t unite because the Hindus and Muslims didn’t like eachother much.

  • A divided country cannot win

• The Division of Bengal- in 1905 the Muslims agree to move to Bengal.

China:

• Ethnocentrism- The idea that your country or ideas are better than everyone else’s.

• Due to the ethnocentrism in China they isolate themselves.

  • This also made them make a trade imbalance in their favor.

  • Their geography also helped to isolate them.

• Mandate of Heaven- Like divine right in Europe, they thought rulers were chosen by god.

• Dynastic cycle- A ruling family would rue for many years until they became too corrupt, then the people would revolt and choose a new ruling family. This cycle was repeated many times.

  • The Manchu were the last Dynasty to rule in China.

• Europe was getting sick of the trade imbalance. So Britain decided to do something.

  • They introduced the Chinese to Opium from India, thus getting them addicted.

• Because of this the trade imbalance goes away angering the Emperor.

  • They banned the sale of Opium, and so they keep “Smuggling” it in.

• The Chinese then sink a british Smuggler ship, allowing Britain to declare war.

• The Opium war- The English won against the Chinese, and set up spheres of influence in order to get better trade.

• Treaty of Nanking- Britain gets 5 ports to trade, China pays for war, Britain gets Hong Kong, and others ruled in Britain's favor.

• Spheres of influence- A section in China where only one country has special trading rights, only they can trade in that area, nobody else.

  • Many other countries jumped in and set up spheres of influence.

• Open Door Policy- The U.S proposed that the Chinese had to trade with anyone, so that they wouldn't get left out.

• Taiping Rebellion- The people tried to get rid of the Manchus, because they lied and said China was strong.

• Boxer Rebellion- Chinese people revolted to get foreigners out of the country.

• The Kuomintang takes over setting up a more modern Western style government

  • Led by Sun Yixian

Japanese Imperialism:

• Were ruled by an Emperor, but the Shogun had the most power

• Their government was very similar to feudalism in the Middle Ages.

• The U.S sends Perry to open up trade with Japan, before the rest of Europe does.

  • Perry shows them many new inventions to show their power and says, that if they decline they will come back with bigger and better boats.

• Japan decided to give in, but mostly to try and become more like the West.

• The Japanese people got mad at the Shogun and looked for help from the Emperor

• Emperor Meiji decided to modernize and become like the West.

  • Meiji= Modernize

• Japan then looked to Imperialize themselves in order to also Industrialize.

• SIno-Japanese war: Japan fought against China to take over what is modern day Korea.

  • This also allowed them to take over Manchuria.

• Sino- Russian war: Japan got some land from defeating Russia

Ottoman Empire:

• Sultan- The ruler of the Ottoman Empire

• Suleyman I- The last strong Sultan.

  • After him there were many weak Sultans who lead to the Empire’s downfall.

• Crimean War- Russia tried to fight the Ottomans for a warm water port in the Black Sea, but got were defeated with the help from France and Britain, who stepped in when they realized the Empire couldn’t win alone.

• Showed the world how weak the Ottomans were, their land was for the taking.

Egypt:

• Broke away from the Ottoman Empire and modernized.

• The Suez Canal- constructed by Egypt, and was mostly financed by the British. It connected the Red Sea to the Meidtrinanin Sea.

  • When Egypt couldn’t pay back the British, Britain insisted on overseeing Egypts financials. Thus taking over Egypt.

Latin America:

• The U.S fights Mexico in order to get Texas, Arizona, and southern California.

  • Mexican American War

• Manifest Destiny- The belief that the U.S has to move West

• The U.S then takes over Panama, and builds the Panama Canal

  • The Panama Canal connects the Pacific to the Caribbean.

• Monroe Doctrine- Europe should stay out of the Americas or else.

  • Roosevelt Corollary- added on to the doctrine saying that the U.S would intervene in Latin America if the counties could not pay back European countries.

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