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→ The belief that people’s greatest loyalty should not be to a king or an empire but to a nation of people who share a common culture.

## Crimean War:

* War between the Ottomans and Russia, for a warm water port.
* The Ottomans won only because they got help from France and England.
  * They helped because if Russia won it would offset the balance of power in Europe.
* This all proved that keeping the balance of power would be  difficult task.
* Russification- Forcing people to give into Russian culture
* Nationalism would also be the cause for some countries uniting like Italy and Prussia (Germany).

## Unification of Italy:

* Some Italian provinces were ruled by Austria
* Giuseppe Mazzini- “The Soul”
  * Formed the “Young Italy”.  He called for the end of foreign rule \[In Italy\] and the unification of Italy.  Italy should be its own nation.
* Camillo di Cavour- “The Brain“
  * Prime Minister of Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia.  Used diplomacy and alliances to increase Piedmont-Sardinia's power. Will unify the North.
* Garibaldi- “The Sword“
  * Leader of the Red Shirts (Italian nationalist group in Sicily).  Will Unify the South and merge with the North.
* Italy was finally united in 1861

## Unification of Germany:

* Germany started out as Prussia
  * Germans were people who spoke German.  These people felt connected, and most wanted their own nation (Nationalism).
* They were ruled by a king.  During this time it was Wilhelm I.  He was supported by the Junkers.
  * Junkers- Wealthy class.
* King Wilhelm I appointed a prime minister to rule over Prussia.
* Prime Minister: **Otto Von Bismarck**.
  * He was quite popular, and helped out the king to make a bigger military
  * He made realpolitik.
    * **Realpolitik**- Politics then leaves no room for idealism.
  * Was known as “The Iron Chancellor” for his powerful rule.
  * “Blood and Iron”- Bismarck’s idea that to accomplish their goals they have to use war.
* The 7 week war:
  * Prussia(Germany) Vs Austria
  * Prussia and Austria disagree over borders of the new land which they both conquered.
  * This pushes Austria to declare war on Prussia
  * Prussia easily wins, taking over the land which they fought for, and more from Austria.
* The Franco-Prussian War:
  * Prussia(Germany) Vs. France
  * A few German states were still independent
    * These were very close to France
  * Bismark makes a fake telegraph making fun of the French.
  * This pushes France to declare war on Prussia.
  * The German states feel scared so the Prussians come to “help them”
  * Prussia beats France, and keeps their armies the German states, essentially taking them over.
    * Prussia also takes the area of Alsace Lorraine from France.
  * All of this makes France really made at Prussia, so Europe starts to divide into two  sides.
  * Also Prussia undid the balance of power in Europe by uniting into Germany.

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# Nest Lesson:  [World War 1](https://knowt.io/note/268dc80c-53c2-4da9-a654-e38ebc4c73f7/World-War-1)

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World History

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→ The belief that people’s greatest loyalty should not be to a king or an empire but to a nation of people who share a common culture.

## Crimean War:

* War between 

Nationalism

Cameron Guidry

View the note Nationalism: DO NOT CLICK FLASHCARDS FROM HERE (OR STUDY) Click Here→ The belief that people’s greatest loyalty should not be to a king or an empire but to a nation of people who share a common culture.Crimean War:War between the Ottomans and Russia, for a warm water port.The Ottomans ...