Definitions:

• Circumference: distance around the circle.

• Diameter: distance across the circle, through its center

• Radius: distance from its center to its edge.

• Latitude lines measure north or south of the equator (0°) splitting the earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere.

• Lines of longitude measure east to west of the Prime Meridian 0° to the 180° line.
  The equator is 0 degree latitude.

It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole.

• The Prime Meridian (0°) and the 180° line split the earth into the Western Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere.

The Earth is a sphere.(It is actually an oblate spheroid, slightly larger at the equator than at the poles)

The Earth is slightly flattened from a perfect spherical shape because of

1. its rotation

2. the pull of the sun and moon

3. storms on the sun’s surface

4. its molten core

Time Zones/Time And How To Find It

• Longitude is based on Earth’s rotation

• Earth rotates counterclockwise at 15 degrees/hr

• 360 degrees/24hrs = 15 degrees/hr

• There are 24 time zones in the world- one for every line of longitude

• People on the same line of longitude have the same solar time

• When you go west you subtract time and when you go east you add time

• Latitude and Longitude is measures in degrees- degrees can divided into minutes( ’ )There are 60 minutes in each degree.

Polaris (latitude)

• North Star- found in the little dipper

• Latitude = altitude of Polaris

• Can only be seen in the Northern Hemisphere

Practice Questions: