Unit1

conformal cylindrical projection

• standard map projection

• exaggerates areas far from equator

• standard projection

• preserves shape

• conformal

equal area projection that is true size/shape of land masses

map projection that shows entire world

• distortion in the poles

equal-area map that corrects distortions in other projections

• represents nations in true proportion to one another

• accurate

Conformal projection: A map that preserves angles, making it useful for navigation and meteorology. Distortion increases with distance from the center point.

shows informational data that shows boundaries, names, and geographic features.

• direction, property lines, political boundaries, and elevation

displays spatial patterns and uses quantitative data to display topics.

exact direction a person is heading

direction in relationship to another objects current location

exact distance between 2 places

approximate measure of the distance between 2 places

exact spot on earths surface by longitude and latitude

how a place is related to other places

Lines connect data points of the same value. Isoline maps are used to show particular characteristics of an area.

displays spatial patterns of places uses quantitative data to display specific topics

Differently sized symbols are used to indicate quantitative data. Bigger circles or icons represent a larger numerical value of a particular attribute

Statistical data and geographic location are combined to communicate information at a glance. show the relative size of an area based on a particular attribute, like population or energy consumption.

Dots are used to show locations of specific observations or events. are useful for showing statistics like crimes, births, or car accidents.

This thematic map uses colors or shading to represent categories of data for predetermined geographic areas such as census tracts, counties, states, provinces, or countries

the study of natural processes and the distribution of features in the environment, such as landforms, plants, animals, and climate.

the study of the events and processes that have shaped how humans understand, use, and alter Earth.

where something occurs

the position that a point or object occupies on Earth.

place is a location on Earth that is distinguished by its physical and human characteristics.

the emotions attached to an area based on their personal experiences.

place’s absolute location, as well as its physical characteristics, such as the landforms, climate, and resources.

refers to a place’s location in relation to other places or its surrounding features. Situation describes a place’s connections to other places, such as transportation routes (like roads, rail lines, and waterways), political associations, and economic and cultural ties.

arrangement of things

how things are arranged in a space

number of things—people, animals, or objects—in a specific area.

how things are arranged in a particular space

The study of the flow of people, goods, and information and the economic, social, political, and cultural effects of these movements on societies is an important aspect of human geography.

argues that human behavior is largely controlled by the physical environment

• fails to take into account the fact that civilizations in other regions, such as North Africa and much of Asia, arose earlier than those in Europe and North America and were more advanced technologically and highly influential culturally for long periods of human history.

argues that humans have more agency, or ability to produce a result, than environmental determinism would suggest.

describes the effect of distance on interactions. The principle states that the farther away one thing is from another, the less interaction the two things will have.

concept that states that distance requires time, effort, and cost to overcome.

It describes the processes causing the relative distance between places to shrink. Modern transportation has greatly reduced travel times, and the internet and other forms of communication have made it easier to communicate with people anywhere on the planet and to send money around the world through online banking transfers.

use of Earth’s land and natural resources in ways that ensure they will continue to be available in the future.

area of the world being studied

an area of Earth’s surface with certain characteristics that make it distinct from other areas.

an area that has one or more shared traits. It is also referred to as a uniform region.

an area organized by its function around a focal point, or the center of an interest or activity

focus of the functional region like a downtown city

type of region that reflects people’s feelings and attitudes about a place. A perceptual region, therefore, is defined by people’s perceptions of the area—that is, their subjective understanding of the world as influenced by their culture and experience

• the midwest

the expansion of economic, cultural, and political processes on a worldwide scale.

official count of the number of people on a defined area

• every ten years

measured in numbers

• not subjective

interpretations of data sources such as field observations, media reports, travel narratives, policy documents, personal interviews, landscape analysis, and visuals such as art or photographs.

• subjective

created maps to help explorers follow the routes of those who came before them and to estimate how long it might take to travel to uncharted lands.

mathematical relationship between the size of a map and the part of the real world it shows

• It allows you to measure absolute distance

It covers a large area and shows even fewer details than the medium-scale map.

The map scale shows that a half inch on the map represents a quarter mile on Earth’s surface.

collecting info about the earths surface from satellite orbiting earth

• used in gis to make thematic maps

computer system that collect, analyze , and display geographic data

• makes layered maps

network of satellites that are useful to determine the location of something on earths surface

Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things