apush - ch. 15

General William T. Sherman's Special Field Order 15:

set aside the Sea Islands and forty-acre tracts of land in South Carolina and Georgia for black families.

Which of the following best describes the black response to the ending of the Civil War and the coming of freedom?

Blacks adopted different ways of testing their freedom, including moving about, seeking kin, and rejecting older forms of deferential behavior.

How did emancipation affect the structure of the black family?

The black family became more like the typical white family, with men as the breadwinners and women as the homemakers.

During Reconstruction, the role of the church in the black community:

was central, as African-Americans formed their own churches.

Which denominations had the largest followings among blacks after the civil war?

Methodist and Baptist

Howard University is well known as:

a black university in Washington, D.C.

Anything less than __________ would betray the Civil War's meaning, black spokesmen insisted.

full citizenship

For most former slaves, freedom first and foremost meant:

land ownership.

How did the Civil War affect planter families?

For the first time, some of them had to do physical labor.

The northern vision of the Reconstruction-era southern economy included all of the following EXCEPT:

the labor system would be as close to slavery as possible, thereby assuring high productivity.

The Freedmen's Bureau:

made notable achievements in improving African-American education and health care.

Sharecropping:

was preferred by African-Americans to gang labor (because they were less subject to supervision).

The crop-lien system:

kept many sharecroppers in a state of constant debt and poverty.

White farmers in the late nineteenth-century South:

included many sharecroppers involved in the crop-lien system.

During Reconstruction, southern cities:

enjoyed newfound prosperity as merchants traded more frequently with the North.

What did the freedmen request in their "Petition of Committee on Behalf of the Freedmen to Andrew Johnson" in 1865?

the right to purchase a homestead

With the end of slavery in the British Caribbean, more than 100,000 laborers came from where to fill the labor shortage?

India

Which of the following is NOT true about Andrew Johnson?

Through hard work, he rose into the planter class and then became a successful politician.

Andrew Johnson:

lacked Lincoln's political skills and keen sense of public opinion.

The southern Black Codes:

allowed the arrest on vagrancy charges of former saves who failed to sign yearly labor contracts.

Radical Republicans:

fully embraced the expanded powers of the federal government born during the Civil War.

Which of the following is NOT true of Thaddeus Stevens?

He represented Massachusetts in the U.S. Senate.

The most ambitious, but least successful, of the Radical Republicans' aims was:

land reform.

The Civil Rights Bill of 1866:

defined the rights of American citizens without regard to race.

When Congress sent Andrew Johnson the Civil Rights Bill of 1866, he:

argued that it discriminated against whites.

The Fourteenth Amendment:

marked the most important change in the U.S. Constitution since the Bill of Rights.

In March 1867, Congress began Radical reconstruction by adopting the __________, which created new state governments and provided for black male suffrage in the South.

Reconstruction Act

What early 1868 action by Andrew Johnson sparked his impeachment by the U.S. House of Representatives?

He allegedly violated the Tenure of Office Act.

Why was Andrew Johnson acquitted on charges of impeachment?

Johnson's lawyers assured moderate Republicans that he would behave for the rest of his term, so several voted to acquit him.

"Waving the bloody shirt" referred to:

a Republican attempt to associate Democrats with secession and treason.

For the 1868 Democratic presidential ticket, Horatio Seymour and Francis Blair Jr. had a campaign motto of:

This Is a White Man's Country. Let White Men Rule.

All of the following are true of passage of the Fifteenth Amendment EXCEPT:

it aided the election of Ulysses Grant to the presidency in 1868.

The Fifteenth Amendment:

sought to guarantee that one could not be denied suffrage rights based on race.

During Reconstruction, those like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucy Stone who supported a woman's right to vote:

found themselves divided over whether or not to support the Fifteenth Amendment.

The U.S. Supreme Court's decision in the 1873 case in which Myra Bradwell challenged an Illinois statute excluding women from practicing law:

demonstrates that, while radical definitions of freedom were changing, gendered ones still existed.

With the beginning of Radical Reconstruction, southern African-Americans in the late 1860s and early 1870s took direct action to remedy long-standing grievances. These actions included:

sit-ins that helped to integrate horse-drawn streetcars in southern cities.

Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce were the first two black:

U.S. senators.

Black officeholders during Reconstruction:

helped ensure a degree of fairness in treatment of African-American citizens.

During Reconstruction, southern state governments helped to finance:

railroads.

Most of those termed "scalawags" during Reconstruction had been:

non-slaveholding white farmers from the southern up-country prior to the Civil War.

Southern Republicans during Reconstruction:

established the South's first state-supported schools.

Which of the following was NOT an accomplishment of southern governments run by Republicans during Reconstruction?

widespread transformation of plantations into black-owned farms

The Whiskey Ring scandal took place during the administration of:

Ulysses Grant.

The bloodiest act of violence during Reconstruction took place in __________ in 1873, where armed whites killed hundreds of former slaves, including fifty militia members who had surrendered.

Colfax, Louisiana,

The Enforcement Acts, passed by Congress in 1870 and 1871, were designed to:

stop the activities of terrorist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan.

The Liberal Republican movement in 1872:

initially had little to do with Reconstruction but encouraged opposition to Grant's policies in the South.

The Prostrate State depicts:

South Carolina under allegedly corrupt Negro rule during Reconstruction.

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the Slaughterhouse Cases that:

most rights of citizens are under the control of state governments rather that the federal government.

In 1875, when Mississippi governor Adelbert Ames asked President Grant for help because white rifle clubs had openly assaulted and murdered Republicans, Grant:

told Ames that the northern public was "tired out" with southern problems.

In the 170s, who claimed to have saved the white South from the corruption and misgovernment of northern and black officials?

Redeemers

The election of 1876:

was tainted by claims of fraud in Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.

The Bargain of 1877:

led to the appointment of a southerner as postmaster general.

The civil rights era of the 1950s and 1960s is sometimes called the:

Second Reconstruction.

The two maps of the Barrow Plantation demonstrate:

the African-American commitment to education.